?‐642 A military man from the early Islamic period who was praised as the "Sword of God." He was initially hostile to Islam, but in 629 he came to Medina and converted. In 633, after putting down the various rebellions (Ridda) that followed the death of Muhammad, he marched into Iraq and then fought in Syria. In 636, he defeated the Byzantine army at the Battle of Yarmouk, solidifying the Arab conquest of Syria. However, he came into conflict with the second caliph, Umar I, and retired to Hims (Homs) after this battle. [Hanada Uaki] Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
?‐642 〈神の剣〉とたたえられた初期イスラム時代の軍人。初めイスラムに敵対していたが,629年,メディナに来て改宗。633年,ムハンマド没後の諸反乱(リッダ)を平定後イラクに進軍し,次いでシリアに転戦した。636年,ビザンティン軍をヤルムークの戦で撃破し,アラブのシリア征服を不動のものとした。しかし,第2代カリフ,ウマル1世と対立し,この戦いを最後にヒムス(ホムス)に隠退した。【花田 宇秋】 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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