Badakhshan - Badakhshan (English spelling)

Japanese: バダフシャーン - ばだふしゃーん（英語表記）Badakhshān

The name of a region in northeastern Afghanistan. It borders the Republic of Tajikistan to the north, and is a mountainous region located between the Panja River and the Kokcha River in the upper reaches of the Amu Darya. Its capital is Faydhābād on the banks of the Kokcha River. The name Badakhshan is thought to be derived from the name of the ruby, a local specialty, but its first appearance in literature is in the 7th-8th century transliteration of Chinese characters, 'Futekisha'. Historically, this region was characterized by the survival of local governments that controlled the trade route at the western end of the Pamirs and took advantage of the mountainous terrain, even while under the rule of Central Asian countries.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

アフガニスタン北東部の地域名。北はタジキスタン共和国と接し，アム･ダリヤ上流のパンジャPanja川とコクチャKokcha川の間に位置する山岳地帯で，主都はコクチャ河畔にあるファイザーバードFaydhābād。バダフシャーンの名は地域特産のルビーの名に由来すると考えられるが，文献上では7～8世紀の漢字音訳の〈弗敵沙〉を初見とする。歴史上のこの地域は，中央アジアの諸国家の支配下にあってもパミール西端の交易路を制し，山岳地勢を利用した地方政権の存続が特徴的である。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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