A third political party in the United States formed in the 1890s. Also known as the Populist Party. In 1892, during the economic uncertainty following the Great Depression of 1875, representatives of farmers and labor unions united the Greenback Party (formed in 1875 to advocate inflationary policies through the issuance of more Greenbacks) and the Granger Movement to form the party. In the presidential election of the same year, J. Weaver ran on a progressive platform that included nationalizing transportation and communications and adopting a progressive income tax, winning over one million votes but losing. In the next presidential election of 1896, the party also ran Democratic candidate W.J. Bryan, who advocated free coinage of silver, but was defeated. It lost influence as the economy recovered. After 1896, it was absorbed into the Democratic Party, but its ideas became the basis of the New Deal in the 1930s, making it the most successful third party movement in the United States. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
1890年代に結成された米国の第三政党。人民党とも。1875年の大恐慌に引き続く経済不安の中で,1892年農民・労働組合代表がグリーンバック党(グリーンバックスの増発によるインフレ政策などを主張して1875年結成)およびグレンジャー運動組織を結集して結成。同年の大統領選挙でJ.ウィーバーは交通・通信機関の国有化,累進所得税の採用など進歩的綱領を掲げ,100万票以上を獲得したが,敗北。次の1896年の大統領選挙では銀貨自由鋳造を主唱した民主党候補W.J.ブライアンを同党の候補ともしたが,敗北。景気の回復とともに勢力を失った。1896年以後は民主党に吸収されたが,その主張は1930年代ニューディールの基盤となり,米国における第三党運動としては最大の成果をあげた。
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