Hatano Kawakatsu

Japanese: 秦河勝 - はたのかわかつ

Year of birth: Unknown
He was a close aide to Prince Umayado (Prince Shotoku) from the end of the 6th century to the first half of the 7th century. He was from Kazuno, Yamashiro Province (Kyoto City). He was also written as Kazuno Hata no Tsukuri Kawakatsu or Kawakatsu Hatako. He was the head of the Hata clan (Uzumasa) who lived in the Fukakusa region of Yamashiro Province (Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City) and the Kazuno region, and with his military and economic power as a backer, he served as a close aide to Prince Umayado from early on. The "Jōgū Prince Shotoku Den Hokkeki" tells of his exploits, such as serving as a "military governor" in the pursuit of Mononobe no Moriya in 587, protecting Prince Umayado and cutting off Moriya's head, and it is known that the military power of the Hata clan was used as a private army for the Jōgū royal family. In 610, he served as a leader for the Silla and Mimana envoys who came to Japan. He also built Hachioka-ji Temple (Horyu-ji Temple in Hachioka-cho, Uzumasa, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City) as the family temple of the Hata clan. It is said that the temple was built in the 11th year of the reign of Empress Suiko, when Prince Shotoku recovered from an illness (or held a memorial service for him) in the 30th year of the reign of Empress Suiko, to house a Buddha statue that the prince had bestowed on him in the 11th year of the reign of Empress Suiko. The existing temple complex was rebuilt after the end of the Heian period, but the half-seated pensive statue (national treasure), which is said to have been brought from Korea and was bestowed by Prince Shotoku to Kawakatsu, is famous. In the 3rd year of the reign of Empress Kogyoku (644), Oobeda worshiped an insect on the banks of the Fujin River (Fuji) calling it a tokoyo-gami (god of eternal life), and when people from the capital and the countryside all began to worship it, the Hata clan, hating that the people were being misled, beat Oobeda to death. It is a historical material that discusses the delicate political position of the Hata clan, given the folk beliefs of the time that were like those of immortals, and their relationship with the Soga clan. He was awarded the title of Oinin and later Shotoku for his achievement in defeating Mononobe no Moriya. Historical documents from the Koryuji Temple say that this was established in the 5th year of the Taika Era (649). <References> Kunio Hirano, "Research on Social Organization in the Pre-Taika Era," Keiichi Imai, "Hata no Kawakatsu"

(Atsushi Nito)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

生年：生没年不詳
6世紀末から7世紀前半にかけて活躍した厩戸皇子(聖徳太子)の側近。山背国葛野(京都市)の人。葛野秦造河勝,川勝秦公とも書く。山背国の深草地域(京都市伏見区)および葛野地域に居住する秦氏の族長的地位(太秦)にあり,その軍事力や経済力を背景にはやくから厩戸皇子の側近として活躍。『上宮聖徳太子伝補闕記』は,用明2(587)年の物部守屋の追討戦に「軍政人」として従軍,厩戸皇子を守護して守屋の首を斬るなどの活躍を伝え,秦氏の軍事力が上宮王家の私兵として用いられたことが知られる。推古18(610)年には来日した新羅・任那使人らの導者となった。また,秦氏の氏寺として蜂岡寺(京都市右京区太秦蜂岡町の広隆寺)を造営するが,推古30年における聖徳太子の病気回復(あるいは追善供養)を契機として,推古11年に太子から授かった仏像を安置するために建立したものと伝えられる。現存する伽藍は平安末期以降の再建だが,太子が河勝に授けた朝鮮伝来と伝えられる半跏思惟像(国宝)は有名。皇極3(644)年には不尽(富士)川辺で大生部多が常世神と称して虫を祭り,都鄙の人がこぞってこれを信仰すると,民の惑わされるを憎んで大生部多を打ち懲らしたという。神仙的な当時の民間信仰や蘇我氏との関係で微妙な秦氏の政治的立場を議論する史料となっている。物部守屋を討った功により大仁,のちには小徳に叙せられた。広隆寺系の史料には大化5(649)年制定の大花上とある。<参考文献>平野邦雄『大化前代社会組織の研究』,今井啓一『秦河勝』

(仁藤敦史)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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