[1] (Blaise Pascal) French thinker, mathematician, and physicist. He believed in mathematical certainty and opposed skepticism. Later, after a religious conversion, he sympathized with Jansenism and criticized the Jesuit Inquisition. Ideologically, he is considered a pioneer of modern existentialism. In mathematics, he published the theory of conic sections and the theory of probability, and in physics, he discovered Pascal's principle, a law regarding the pressure of fluids (liquids and gases). He is famous for the words "Man is a thinking reed" in his main work, Pensées. ( 1623-62 ) [2] [Noun] ① (pascal) A unit of pressure. Symbol Pa. Mainly used in vacuum technology. One pascal is the pressure when a force of one newton acts per square meter. Hectopascal is used to represent atmospheric pressure. Named after (1). ② (PASCAL) A high-level programming language designed by Niklaus Wirth of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. It is used as a description language for operating systems, etc. It is named after (1). Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information |
[1] (Blaise Pascal ブレーズ━) フランスの思想家、数学者、物理学者。数学的確実性を信じ、懐疑論に反対。のち宗教的回心を経てヤンセン主義に共鳴し、イエズス会による異端審問を批判した。思想的には現代実存主義の先駆とみなされる。数学では、円錐曲線論・確率論を発表、物理学では、流体(液体・気体)の圧力に関する法則「パスカルの原理」を発見した。主著「パンセ」の「人間は考える葦である」ということばは有名。(一六二三‐六二)[2] 〘名〙① (pascal) 圧力の単位。記号 Pa 主として真空技術で用いられる。一パスカルは一平方メートル当たり一ニュートンの力が作用するときの圧力。気圧についてはヘクトパスカルが用いられる。(一)の名にちなむ。② (PASCAL) スイス連邦工科大学のニクラウス=ヴィルトが設計した高級プログラミング言語。オペレーティングシステムの記述言語などとして使われている。(一)の名にちなむ。
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