Bashkir - Bashkirgo (English spelling)

Japanese: バシキール語 - ばしきーるご(英語表記)Bashkir
Bashkir - Bashkirgo (English spelling)

It is one of the Turkic languages. It is spoken in the Republic of Bashkortostan (1,100 km east of Moscow, capital Ufa) in the Russian Federation. Since the Bashkirs call themselves Bashkort, it can also be called Bashkort. There are about 1 million speakers (1989). The total number of Bashkirs is 1.44 million (1989), but the retention rate of their mother tongue is low at 72.3% (1989), in contrast to the retention rate of most other Turkic peoples, which is over 90%. It belongs to the Western branch of the Turkic language family, and is closely related to Tatar in terms of phonological characteristics. It was written in Arabic characters, but after Latinization in 1929, it has adopted an orthography based on the Cyrillic alphabet since 1939. However, the Latinization is in progress.

[Kazuo Takeuchi]

[References] | Turkic languages | Bashkir

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

トルコ系諸言語の一つ。ロシア連邦のバシコルトスタン共和国(モスクワ東方およそ1100キロメートル、首都ウファ)で話されている。バシキール人の自称はバシコルトであるから、バシコルト語と称してもよい。話し手は約100万人(1989)。バシキール人の総数は144万人(1989)であるが、母語の保有率が72.3%(1989)と低く、他のトルコ系諸族の母語保有率がほとんど90%以上であるのと対照的である。トルコ語族のうち西方語派に属し、音韻特徴ではタタール語に近い関係にある。アラビア文字で表記されていたが、1929年のラテン化を経て、1939年からはキリル文字を基礎とした正書法を採用している。しかし、ラテン文字化が進められている。

[竹内和夫]

[参照項目] | トルコ系諸言語 | バシキール

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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