al-Ḥākim, Abū `Alī Manṣūr

Japanese: ハーキム（英語表記）al-Ḥākim， Abū `Alī Manṣūr

[Raw] 985
[Died] February 13, 1021.
He was the sixth caliph of the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt near Cairo (reigned 996-1021). His father was the fifth caliph, Aziz. He ascended to the throne at the age of 11 and together with his father built the Fatimid dynasty into its heyday. In 1005, he built Dār al-Ḥikma, an institute for natural science and humanities research, in Cairo, and also established an observatory on the Muqattam Hill to protect academics. As a result, Cairo became the envy of students from all over the world, and many famous writers and scholars gathered there. On the other hand, he was a fanatical Shiite Muslim who severely oppressed Christians and Jews, in addition to his eccentric behavior, such as riding around the city on a donkey at night and completely forbidding women from going outside. He had many fanatical followers who recognized him as a divinity and later formed the Druze sect.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]985
[没]1021.2.13.
カイロ近郊エジプトにおけるファーティマ朝第6代のカリフ (在位 996～1021) 。父は第5代カリフ，アジーズ。 11歳で即位し，父とともにファーティマ朝の最盛期を築いた。 1005年カイロに自然科学および人文科学研究のための研究所ダール・アルヒクマ Dār al-Ḥikmaを建設し，またムカッタムの丘に天文台を設けて学問の保護にあたった。そのためカイロが世界の学徒の憧れの的となり，多数の著名な文人，学者が集った。しかしその反面，夜ろばに乗って町を歩き回ったり，女性の外出を一切禁止したりするなどの奇行に加えて，狂信的なシーア派イスラム教徒であり，キリスト教徒やユダヤ教徒にきびしい弾圧を加えた。彼は熱狂的な信者を擁し，彼らはハーキムに神性を認め，のちにドゥルーズ派を形成した。

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