Generally, it refers to the ability of an output in response to an input stimulus in a device, system, or living organism, and is one of the major factors that indicate performance, especially in instruments and measurement systems. Sensitivity in an instrument or measurement system refers to the change in the measured object relative to a certain change in the indicated value, or the smallest amount of change that the instrument can detect. The JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) defines "sensitivity" as "the degree to which a measuring instrument is sensitive to a change in the measured quantity. In other words, for a certain measured quantity, the ratio of the change in the indicated quantity to the change in the measured quantity." As a note, it is stated that "the terms sensitivity coefficient and deviation coefficient are sometimes used to express the value of sensitivity." In addition to the above, there are a wide variety of examples of sensitivity expressions, such as the ability of photographic materials to be sensitive to light, radiation, and particle beams, the tendency of explosives to explode, and the amount of energy required to explode them. [Koizumi Kesakatsu and Imai Hidetaka] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般に装置、システム、生物体などにおいて、入力刺激に応じた出力の能力をいい、とくに計器や測定系では性能を示す大きな要素の一つとなっている。計器または測定系における感度とは、一定の指示値の変化に対する測定対象の変化、または計器が検知することのできる最小の量、または最小の変化量をいう。JIS(ジス)(日本工業規格)では、「感度」を「ある計測器が測定量の変化に感じる度合い。すなわち、ある測定量において、指示量の変化の測定量の変化に対する比」と定義している。備考として、「感度の値を表すのに感度係数、振れ係数の用語が使われることもある」とされている。以上のほか、写真材料が光、放射線、粒子線などに感ずる能力や、火薬類の爆発しやすさ、あるいは爆発させるに要するエネルギーの大小を表すものなど、感度を表現する例はきわめて多岐にわたっている。 [小泉袈裟勝・今井秀孝] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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