Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb

Japanese: バウムガルテン(英語表記)Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb
Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb
Born: July 17, 1714, Berlin
[Died] May 26, 1762. Frankfurt an der Oder. German philosopher and aesthetician. He coined the term Aesthetica. In 1737 he became an associate professor at the University of Halle, and in 1740 he became a professor at the University of Frankfurt an der Oder. He was a student of C. Wolf. Influenced by Leibniz and Wolf, he divided cognition into higher cognition (intellectual cognition) and lower cognition (sensible cognition), calling the former the study of logic and the latter the study of sensible cognition, or aesthetics. He clearly defined aesthetics as the study of sensible cognition at the beginning of Aesthetica (I, 1750, II, 58). He also coined many German philosophical terms. His other major works include Meditations on Poetry (35), Metaphysics (39), and Ethics (40).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1714.7.17. ベルリン
[没]1762.5.26. フランクフルト・アン・デア・オーデル
ドイツの哲学者,美学者。美学 Aestheticaという名称の創唱者。 1737年ハレ大学員外教授,40年フランクフルト・アン・デア・オーデル大学教授。 C.ウォルフの弟子。ライプニッツ,ウォルフの影響を受け,認識を上級認識 (悟性的認識) と下級認識 (感性的認識) とに区分し,前者の学を論理学,後者の学を感性的認識の学すなわち美学とし,『美学』 Aesthetica (I,1750,II,58) の冒頭において「美学は感性的認識の学である」と明確に定義した。なお,彼はドイツ語の哲学用語を多く定めた。主著はほかに『詩についての哲学的省察』 Meditationes philosophicae de nonnvillis ad poema pertinentibus (35) ,『形而上学』 Metaphysica (39) ,『倫理学』 Ethica philosophica (40) 。

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