Bauhütte (English spelling) [Germany]

Japanese: バウヒュッテ（英語表記）Bauhütte[ドイツ]

A guild of craftsmen, mainly stonemasons, formed in late medieval Germany to specialize in the construction of churches. Its leader was called the Hüttenmeister. The guild was centered in Germany and extended to Switzerland and eastern France, with its headquarters in Strasbourg. Its members were required to abide by rules regarding the training of engineers, honest construction, arbitration of disputes, and the maintenance of professional secrecy. It was at its best in the 15th century, but it subsequently declined due to pressure from other guilds, the emergence of non-member architects protected by the king and nobility, and the influence of the Protestant Reformation, and disappeared in the early 18th century.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中世末期のドイツで教会堂の建設を専門として組織された石工を中心とする工人の組合。その長をヒュッテンマイスターHüttenmeisterという。ドイツを中心としてスイス，フランス東部にまたがる組合で，ストラスブールに本部を置き，技術者の養成，誠実な工事，紛争の調停，職業上の秘密の保持などに関する規約を組合員に守らせた。15世紀に最もよく整備されたが，その後は同業組合からの圧迫，国王･貴族の保護をうける非組合員の建築家の発生，宗教改革などの影響をうけて衰退し，18世紀初めに消滅した。

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