Ogasawara Sadamune - Ogasawara Sadamune

Japanese: 小笠原貞宗 - おがさわら・さだむね

Year of death: Sadawa 3/Shohei 2.5.26 (1347.7.5)
Year of birth: 12th April 1292 (30th April 1292)
A military commander during the Nanboku-cho period. Son of Muneta and the daughter of Akazawa Masatsune. Some say he was born in 1294 (Eijin 2). His childhood name was Toyomatsumaru, and he was commonly known as Hikogoro. He served as Umasuke, Jibu-daifu, and Shinano-no-kami. In the Genko Incident of 1331, which was a plot by Emperor Godaigo to overthrow the shogunate, he joined the attack on Kamakura with Ashikaga Yoshiakira, and was appointed as the Shugo of Shinano under the Kenmu government due to his achievements. In July 1335 (Kenmu 2), when the shogunate side raised an army in an attempt to revive the country (the Nakasendai Rebellion), he worked as Shugo to suppress the Hojo faction in Shinano. In November, when Ashikaga Takauji attacked and defeated Nitta Yoshisada, he followed him, and the following year he marched to Omi in the Battle of Yamamon, and also captured Kanazaki Castle in Echizen. He was highly active in a wide range of areas, fighting against Kitabatake Akiie's forces at Aohara in Mino in 1338, and attacking Kitabatake Chikafusa at Hitachi Ooba Castle in 1342. He gained Sumiyoshi Manor in Azumi County in 1347 and Haruchika Domain in Kinfu, expanding his influence from Ina County to central Shinano, and also moved his residence from Matsuo (Iida City, Nagano Prefecture) to Ikawa (Matsumoto City) during the Kenmu era (1334-1338), building the foundation for the Ogasawara clan as the guardian family of Shinano. He excelled in archery and horse riding, and was often listed as an archer for the shogunate's target shooting, kasagake, and dog pursuit events. Although he was a representative military commander of his time who excelled in martial arts and valued etiquette, there are strong negative views on the commonly held belief that he summarized the art of archery and horse riding that had been passed down since Nagakiyo, the founder of the Ogasawara clan, or that he perfected the etiquette of the famous Ogasawara school. <References> "Kasakei Taisei" ("Shinano Historical Materials Collection" Volume 12), "Shinano Loyalist History Focusing on the Kenmu Restoration"

(Masaharu Sasamoto)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：貞和3/正平2.5.26(1347.7.5)
生年：正応5.4.12(1292.4.30)
南北朝時代の武将。宗長と赤沢政常の娘の子。生年を永仁2(1294)年とする説もある。幼名豊松丸,通称彦五郎。右馬助,治部大輔,信濃守。後醍醐天皇の討幕計画による元弘1(1331)年の元弘の変では,足利義詮に従い鎌倉攻めに加わったが,その功により建武政権下で信濃守護職に補任される。建武2(1335)年7月,幕府方が再興を図って兵を挙げると(中先代の乱),守護として信濃の北条与党の鎮圧に当たった。11月に足利尊氏が新田義貞を攻め破るとこれに従い,翌年,山門の戦いで近江に出陣,越前の金崎城をも攻略している。暦応1/延元3(1338)年には美濃青原で北畠顕家軍と戦い,康永1/興国3(1342)年には常陸大宝城に北畠親房を攻めるなど幅広い活躍をした。建武2年に安曇郡住吉荘を,貞和3/正平2(1347)年には近府春近領を得て勢力を伊那郡から信濃中央部へと拡大し,居館も建武年間(1334～38)に松尾(長野県飯田市)から井川(松本市)に移し,信濃の守護家としての小笠原氏の基礎を築いた。射芸騎乗に優れ,しばしば幕府の的始や笠懸,犬追物の射手にも名を連ねている。武芸に秀で,礼節を重んじた当代の代表的武将ではあったが,小笠原氏の始祖長清以来の弓馬の道をまとめたとか,有名な小笠原流の礼法を完成したとの通説に対しては否定的な見解が強い。<参考文献>「笠系大成」(『信濃史料叢書』12巻),『建武中興を中心としたる信濃勤王史攷』

(笹本正治)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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