North Pacific High Pressure

Japanese: 北太平洋高気圧 - きたたいへいようこうきあつ
North Pacific High Pressure

A type of high pressure system that develops in the North Pacific Ocean. It is mainly a subtropical high that develops over the subtropical ocean, but when a migratory high pressure system moving southeast from high latitudes approaches it, it stagnates, merges, and strengthens in many cases. It is dominant in the summer, and its range spreads northward. Structurally, it is a tall warm high pressure system.

The summer North Pacific High is shown as a single large high on the monthly mean pressure distribution chart, but on the weather chart for each day, there are often three centers, one near the Ogasawara Islands south or southeast of Japan, one in the central North Pacific, and one north of the Hawaiian Islands. Therefore, the North Pacific High is sometimes called the "Ogasawara High" or the "Hawaiian High."

In addition, there is also a North Atlantic high similar to the North Pacific high, which is called the Azores high or the Bermuda high after the names of islands.

[Atsushi Kurashima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北太平洋で発達する高気圧。その主体は亜熱帯の海上で発達する亜熱帯高気圧であるが、これに高緯度方面より南東進してきた移動性高気圧が近づいて、停滞、合体して勢力が強まる場合が多い。夏季に優勢で、その範囲も北に広がる。構造的には背の高い温暖高気圧である。

 夏季の北太平洋高気圧は月平均気圧分布図では単一の大きな高気圧として表されるが、個々の日の天気図では、三つぐらいの中心があり、一つは日本の南または南東の小笠原(おがさわら)諸島の近海、一つは北太平洋中部、そしてもう一つはハワイ諸島の北にあることが多い。そこで北太平洋高気圧は「小笠原高気圧」とか「ハワイ高気圧」とよばれることがある。

 なお、北大西洋にも、北太平洋高気圧と同種の北大西洋高気圧があり、島の名前を冠して、アゾレス高気圧、バーミューダ高気圧などとよばれている。

[倉嶋 厚]

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