Bayonne - Bayonne (English spelling)

Japanese: バイヨンヌ - ばいよんぬ(英語表記)Bayonne
Bayonne - Bayonne (English spelling)

A city in the Pyrenees-Atlantiques department in southwestern France. It is located about 7 km upstream from the mouth of the Adour River in the Bay of Biscay, where the Nive River joins it. It has a population of 40,078 (1999). It is the central city of the Basque Country, 32 km from the Spanish border. It is a key transportation hub with a river port and road and railway junction. It is close to the seaside resort of Biarritz on the Bay of Biscay, and together with the surrounding cities, it forms a metropolitan area with a population of 178,965 (1999). It is known as a producer of wine, brandy, and ham, but industries such as metals, chemicals, aircraft, leather, and lumber are also developed. It exports sulfur and corn from the port, and imports phosphates and iron. It was a major port in ancient Rome, and the city center is surrounded by a city wall. There are walls designed by the 17th century military engineer Vauban, the Cathedral of Sainte-Marie (bishop's seat) from the 13th to 16th centuries, and two castles, one old and one new. It was a British colony between 1199 and 1451. It houses the Basque Museum.

[Nobuyoshi Aoki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス南西部、ピレネーザトランティク県の都市。ビスケー湾のアドゥール川河口から上流約7キロメートル、ニーブ川が合流する地点に位置する。人口4万0078(1999)。スペイン国境まで32キロメートルと近く、バスク地方の中心都市。道路、鉄道の交点で、河港もある交通の要地。ビスケー湾に臨む海浜保養地ビアリッツに近く、同市を含む周辺諸都市とともに人口17万8965(1999)の都市圏を形成する。ワイン、ブランデー、ハムの産地として知られるが、金属、化学、航空機、皮革、木材などの工業も発達する。港から硫黄(いおう)、トウモロコシなどを輸出し、リン酸塩、鉄などを輸入する。古代ローマの主要港で、町の中心部は市壁に囲まれ、17世紀の軍事技術者ボーバン設計の城壁、13~16世紀のサント・マリー大聖堂(司教座)、新旧二つの城などがある。1199~1451年の間はイギリス領であった。バスク博物館がある。

[青木伸好]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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