Pulmonary congestion

Japanese: 肺鬱血 - はいうっけつ（英語表記）pulmonary congestion

This refers to a condition in which congestion occurs in the pulmonary circulation, that is, the amount of blood in the blood vessels within the lungs increases. An increase in pulmonary blood volume can occur when the amount of blood flowing into the lungs increases (active pulmonary congestion) or when blood flow out of the lungs is restricted (passive pulmonary congestion). Active pulmonary congestion is seen in conditions such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, and left-to-right shunting, and the increase in pulmonary capillary pressure is slight and does not become severe. Passive pulmonary congestion is caused by an increase in pulmonary venous pressure, and can be due to an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure due to left ventricular failure caused by various causes, or due to an increase in pressure only in the left atrium, as in mitral valve disease, particularly mitral stenosis.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

肺循環系に鬱血を生じた状態，つまり肺内血管内の血液量が増加している状態をいう。肺血液量の増加は，肺に流入する血液量の増加する場合(能動的肺鬱血)と，肺からの血液流出が制限される場合(受動的肺鬱血)とがある。能動的肺鬱血は，貧血や甲状腺機能亢進症，左右短絡血流などでみられ，肺毛細血管圧の上昇はわずかで，重症になることはない。受動的肺鬱血は，肺静脈圧上昇によるもので，種々の原因で起きる左心室不全による左室拡張終期圧上昇に基づく場合と，僧帽弁疾患とくに僧帽弁狭窄症におけるように，左心房のみの圧上昇に基づく場合とがある。

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