Agricultural Adjustment Act

Japanese: 農業調整法 - のうぎょうちょうせいほう(英語表記)Agricultural Adjustment Act
Agricultural Adjustment Act

This is the central law in the New Deal policy of the United States. It was enacted in May 1933 and is also abbreviated as "AAA" or "Triple A" after the initials of its name. The law aimed to raise prices by restricting planting in order to promote agriculture, which was suffering from sluggish sales and falling prices. It gave subsidies to farmers who reduced production under the pretext of storing excess agricultural produce and conserving soil. As a result, it was criticized for taking contradictory policies, such as destroying planted farmland and slaughtering cattle and pigs, given the situation of starving unemployed people on the one hand. It also favored large farms and promoted the abandonment and proletarianization of poor farmers. In 1936, it was ruled unconstitutional in terms of the source of subsidies, but its intent was carried over into the later Soil Conservation Allocation Act and the Second Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1938.

[Hideyo Naganuma]

[References] | New Deal

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国のニューディール政策における中心的法律。1933年5月に制定された本法は、その頭文字をとって「AAA」または「三(トリプル)A」とも略称される。同法は販売不振、価格低落に悩む農業の振興のために、作付制限による価格引上げを図った。過剰農産物貯蔵、土壌保全などの名目で生産を削減した農家に補助金を与えた。そのため植え付け済みの農地をつぶし、牛豚をと畜するなど、一方に飢餓に苦しむ失業者のいる状況にかんがみ、矛盾した政策をとって批判された。またそれは大農場に有利で、貧農の脱落、プロレタリア化を進めた。36年補助金源泉などに関して違憲判決を受けたが、その趣旨は後の土壌保全割当法、38年の第二次農業調整法に引き継がれた。

[長沼秀世]

[参照項目] | ニューディール

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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