Relatives - shinrui

Japanese: 親類 - しんるい

〘Noun〙① A general term for blood relatives and affinity relatives. People related by blood or marriage. Miyori. Miuchi. Relatives. Kin. Kin. Kinship. Under Edo Shogunate law, nephews and cousins were considered relatives. Specifically, this only included spouses, lineal blood relatives, wives of lineal descendants who were not adopted by another family, collateral blood relatives within the third degree of kinship, and cousins among collateral blood relatives of the fourth degree, but in addition, relationships between adopted children and adoptive parents and their relatives, legitimate mothers and illegitimate children, and stepparents and stepchildren were also considered relatives. Relatives were subject to mutual taboo. ※Shomonki (around 940): "Why did he take some wealth, kill some relatives, and then flatter his enemy?" ※Ukiyo- zoshi , Koshoku Seisui-ki (1688), 5: "There are no relatives in the capital, and this time it has failed." ② (Especially as distinguished from "relatives") A blood relative on the father's side. A family member from the paternal line. ※Heiji (around 1220): 1: "In the past, many of the clansmen became enemies of the court, and all of my relatives were killed." ※Joruri, Kokuseiya Kassen (1715), 3: "Even if they were relatives, it was a rule that people from other countries were strictly prohibited from entering the castle." ③ Something very similar. Also, the same thing. ※Poppy (1907) by Natsume Soseki, 1. “While making a conch shell kin with my free hand” [Essay] (1) While the almost synonymous “relative” is limited to Chinese classics , “relative” has appeared in colloquial materials such as extracts, kyogen scripts, and Christian materials since the 15th century, and became widely used during the Edo period.
(2) In national textbooks since the Meiji period, the word "relatives" is used, but the word "kin" is not.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 血族および姻族の総称。血縁・婚姻などによって関係づけられる人々。みより。みうち。親戚。親族。類親。江戸幕府法上は甥従弟の続までは親類とされている。具体的にいえば、配偶者・直系血族・他家の養子とならない直系卑属の妻・三親等以内の傍系血族、および四親等の傍系血族のうちいとこだけであるが、このほか養子と養親およびその親類とか、嫡母と庶子、継父母と継子との間柄も親類とみなされた。親類は互いに服忌を受けた。※将門記（940頃か）「何ぞ若干の財物を虜領せしめ、若干の親類を殺害せしめて、其の敵に媚ぶべけむや」※浮世草子・好色盛衰記（1688）五「京に親類(シンルイ)とてもなく、此たび不首尾あっては」② (特に「縁者」と区別して) 父方の血族。父系の一族。※平治（1220頃か）上「去んぬる保元に、門葉の輩おほく朝敵と成りて、親類みな梟せられ」※浄瑠璃・国性爺合戦（1715）三「親類縁者たり共、他国者は城内へ堅く禁制との掟なり」③ よく似ていること。また、そのもの。※虞美人草（1907）〈夏目漱石〉一「空(あ)いた方の手に栄螺(さざえ)の親類(シンルヰ)をつくりながら」[語誌](1)ほぼ同義の「親戚」が漢文系の資料に限られるのに対して、「親類」は一五世紀以降、抄物・狂言台本・キリシタン資料など口語資料にもあらわれ、江戸時代には広く一般化した。
(2)明治以降の国定教科書では、「親類」はあるが、「親戚」は用いられていない。

出典　精選版日本国語大辞典精選版日本国語大辞典について　情報

<<: Mankind - jinrui (English spelling) man

>>: Water regulation by forest