Farming - Nougaku

Korean folk performing art. There are more than a dozen different names for this art, including Turee, Kuol-ib (Begging Grains), Kuol-kun (Begging for the Poor), and Chishin-barbuki (Stomping on the Earth God), and Nongak is a general term for these, and the accompanying music is also called Nongak. It was popular mainly in rural areas south of the central region, but is now performed nationwide. A Nongak troupe is called a Nongak troupe, and is a representative dynamic collective performing art of farmers, singing and dancing around a nongi (divine pole) with the words "Farmers are the foundation of the world" written on it. Members of the troupe wear flower hats and colorful sashes, and are made up of young boys dressed as women and flower boys dressed as old men, and when the scale is large, it is accompanied by a costume procession. The variety of performances includes farm work simulations, Changkonori (a traditional Korean folk dance), Mudonmu (a traditional Korean folk dance), Sokonori (a traditional Korean folk dance), Bobkonori (a traditional Korean folk dance), and Sanmonori (a traditional Korean folk dance). It was originally a male-dominated performing art. It is considered a relic from the Three Kingdoms period, and is widely performed at events such as the Hekijashinkei (a traditional Korean folk dance), and group farm entertainment. Instruments used include the Joko (a traditional Korean folk drum), Xiaojin (a traditional Korean gong), and Goteki (a traditional Korean flute).

[Kim Ryoki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

朝鮮の民俗芸能。トゥレ、乞粒(クオルイブ)、乞窮(クオルクン)、地神踏(チシンバルブキ)など十数種の呼称があり、農楽はその総称で、その囃子(はやし)も農楽という。おもに中部以南の農村で盛んであったが、現在は全国的に行われている。農楽の一隊を農楽隊といい、「農者天下之大本」と書いた農旗(ノンギ)（神竿）を中心に、歌い踊る躍動的な農民の代表的集団芸能である。隊員は花笠(はながさ)をかぶり、カラフルな襷(たすき)を掛け、少年が女装した舞童、老人に扮装した花童(フアドン)たちで構成され、規模が大きいと仮装行列を伴う。農耕作業の模擬行為や、杖鼓戯(チヤンコノリ)、舞童舞(ムドンム)、小鼓戯(ソコノリ)、法鼓戯(ボブコノリ)、象毛戯(サンモノリ)など演目は多彩で、元来は男性中心の芸能であった。三韓時代の遺風とみられ、僻邪進慶(へきじゃしんけい)、集団農耕娯楽などの際に広範に行われている。楽器は杖鼓(じょうこ)、小金、鉦(しょう)、胡笛(こてき)など。

［金　両　基］

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