…However, when the molecular size of the solute and the solvent are equal or chemically similar (for example, a mixture of isotopes or a mixture of chlorobenzene and bromobenzene), the solution will exhibit properties close to that of an ideal solution not only when the concentration is dilute, but also over the entire range of concentrations. Such a solution is called a perfect solution. The following thermodynamic expressions are used to define an ideal solution. … From [Ideal Solution]…When two components A and B are mixed in any composition, it is convenient to decide which one is the solvent, and Raoult's law can be applied to both components. An ideal solution in which both components obey Raoult's law over the entire range of composition is called a perfect solution. Solutions of substances with similar chemical properties and structures, such as benzene and dichloroethane, dibromoethane and dibromopropane, approximately satisfy this relationship. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "complete solution" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし溶質と溶媒の分子の大きさが等しい場合や化学的によく似ている場合(たとえば同位体混合物とか,クロロベンゼンとブロモベンゼンとの混合物など)は,単に濃度が希薄な場合だけでなく,すべての濃度範囲においてこの溶液は理想溶液に近い性質を示す。このような溶液を完全溶液perfect solutionという。理想溶液を定義する場合に熱力学的な表現を用いると次のようになる。… 【理想溶液】より…A,Bの2成分があらゆる組成で混ざり合う場合には,どちらを溶媒とみなすかは便宜的なことで,両成分に対してラウールの法則を適用することができる。組成の全域にわたって両成分がともにラウールの法則に従うような理想溶液をとくに完全溶液perfect solutionという。ベンゼンとジクロロエタン,ジブロモエタンとジブロモプロパンなどのように,化学的性質や構造の似た物質どうしの溶液は,近似的にこの関係を満足する。… ※「完全溶液」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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