Tropical agriculture

Japanese: 熱帯農業 - ねったいのうぎょう（英語表記）tropical agriculture

This type of agriculture is practiced in the tropical regions, mainly in the areas between the Tropics of Capricorn and the Antarctic. The temperature is high all year round and there is a lot of rain, especially between 15 degrees north and south of the equator, where there are short showers every day, and the annual rainfall reaches more than 2500 mm. During the rainy season, there is a lot of cloud cover, so the amount of sunlight is not much different from that in the Japanese summer, but it is less than the dry season in areas near the Tropics of Capricorn, which have a dry season and a rainy season. Because of the high temperature and rain, plant production is very high. Soils vary greatly, from soils with good quality clay and a moderate amount of base that can be used by plants, to hypersaline soils with high ion concentrations in the soil solution that prevent crops from growing normally, to alkaline soils with high pH levels and low levels of iron, manganese, and zinc that can be used by plants, to acidic soils that cause deficiencies in phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium and an excess of aluminum and manganese.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

南北両回帰線の間にはさまれた地域を主体とする熱帯域で営まれる農業。気温は一年中高く多雨で，とくに赤道の南北15゜の緯度の間では毎日短時間のスコールがあり，年降雨量は2500mm以上に達する。雨が降っている間は雲量が多いので，日射量は日本の夏と大差なく，乾季，雨季がある南北両回帰線付近の地域の乾季に比べれば少ない。高温多雨であるので植物生産量はひじょうに多い。土壌の変異は大きく，良質の粘土をもち植物の利用可能な塩基を適度に含有する土壌，土壌溶液中のイオン濃度が高く作物が正常に生育できない高塩土壌，pHが高く植物の利用できる鉄，マンガン，亜鉛が少ないアルカリ性土壌，リン酸，カリ，マグネシウムの欠乏およびアルミニウム，マンガンの過剰をひき起こす酸性土壌など多様である。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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