German physiologist. Born in Landsberg. Graduated from the Technical University of Munich. Moved to the United States to study at the University of Wisconsin, where he completed his master's course in 1967. In 1968, he began research for his doctorate at the Max Planck Institute. He received his doctorate from the Technical University of Munich in 1970. He continued his research at the Max Planck Institute thereafter. In 1974, he began joint research on the function of ion channels with B. Sakmann, who was a researcher at the same institute. After working at the University of Wisconsin and Yale University, he returned to the Max Planck Institute, where he became head of the Membrane Biophysics Department in 1983. He established a technique called the "patch clamp method," which uses a thin glass tube with a diameter of 1 micrometer to measure the minute electric current that occurs when an ion enters or leaves an ion channel. He also used this technique to clarify the structure and function of the channel. For these achievements, he and Sakman were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1991. [Baba Training] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの生理学者。ランツベルグ生まれ。ミュンヘン工科大学卒業。アメリカに渡りウィスコンシン大学に進学し、1967年に修士課程修了。1968年よりマックス・プランク研究所で博士号取得のための研究を行う。1970年ミュンヘン工科大学で博士号を取得。その後もマックス・プランク研究所で研究を続ける。1974年同研究所の研究員であったB・ザクマンとイオンチャンネルの機能に関する共同研究を始める。ウィスコンシン大学、エール大学を経てマックス・プランク研究所に戻り、1983年より同研究所膜生物物理部門の部長となる。 直径が1マイクロメートルの細いガラス管を使って、イオンチャンネル1分子にイオンが出入りするときに生ずる、微小な電流を測定する「パッチクランプ法」とよばれる技術を確立。さらに、その技術を用いてチャンネルの構造や機能を明らかにした。これらの功績により、ザクマンとともに1991年のノーベル医学生理学賞を受賞した。 [馬場錬成] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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