Physiognomy - Physiognomy

Japanese: 人相学 - にんそうがく

A method of judging a person's character, abilities, fortune, etc. from their physical appearance and movements, especially their facial features. Also known as physiognomy. Used in ancient China as a way to diagnose illness, it later evolved into a method of fortune-telling, and was compiled as the Complete Works of Shensang during the Ming dynasty. It was introduced to Japan in the early Edo period, and popularized by Mizuno Nanboku (1757-1834) and others. It is called physiognomy in English, and has a long tradition in the West as well. It is characterized by the use of analogies with animals and astrology, and famous works by Pseudo-Arithotle, GBdella Porta, Lavater, and others are well known. → Palmistry/Phrengology

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

人の体型・動作，特に顔面の特徴から，その性格，能力，運勢などを判断する方法。〈観相学〉とも。古代中国で疾病診断の一方法として用いられ，のち運勢判断の面が分化し，明代に《神相全編》として集大成された。日本では江戸初期に伝えられ，水野南北〔1757-1834〕らが普及させた。英語ではphysiognomyといい，西洋にも長い伝統がある。動物との類推と占星術を用いるのが特徴で，偽アリトテレス，G.B.della ポルタ，ラーファターらの著作が有名。→手相／骨相学

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