Bone shaker

Japanese: bone shaker(英語表記)boneshaker
Bone shaker

…Around 1861, Pierre Michaux and others from France invented a pedal-operated bicycle with cranks fixed directly to the front wheel. This Michaux model was the first mass-produced bicycle to be put to practical use, and in England it was called the bone shaker, and spread all over the world and became a favorite. The bone shaker model was improved by making the front drive wheel larger and the rear wheel smaller to increase speed, and finally, in 1870, James Starley (1831-81) of England created a lightweight and elegant bicycle with a front wheel three times the diameter of the rear wheel, made entirely of metal, and using wire spokes. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "bone shaker" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…61年ころフランスのミショーPierre Michauxらはペダル式でクランクが前輪に直接固定されている自転車を発明した。このミショー型は最初の量産自転車として実用に供され,イギリスではボーンシェーカーbone shaker(骨ゆすりの意)と呼ばれ,世界中に広がって人々に愛用された。ボーンシェーカー型は速度を増すために前の駆動輪を大きく,後輪を小さくする改良がなされ,ついに70年イギリスのスターリーJames Starley(1831‐81)は前輪の直径が後輪の3倍もあり,全金属製でワイヤスポークを採用した軽量で優雅な自転車を製作した。…

※「bone shaker」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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