A highly speculative meta-psychological term by S. Freud. It is derived from the Buddhist term nirvana (Nirvana in Sanskrit) and is also called the "Nirvana principle." In "Beyond the Pleasure Principle" (1920), he argued that the Nirvana principle is the tendency of the psychic apparatus to reduce the tension caused by stimuli to zero (i.e., an expression of the "death instinct"), while the pleasure principle is the tendency to maintain the previous stage of tension as low and constant as possible (i.e., an expression of the "life instinct"). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
S.フロイトの多分に思弁的なメタ心理学的用語。仏教用語の涅槃(ねはん)(サンスクリットでニルバーナ)に由来するもので,〈涅槃原則〉ともいう。彼は《快楽原則の彼岸》(1920)において,ニルバーナ原則とは,刺激に基づく緊張をゼロにまで引き下げようとする心的装置の傾向(すなわち〈死の本能〉の表現)であり,快楽原則とは,その前段階の緊張をできるだけ低くかつ恒常的に維持しようとする傾向(すなわち〈生の本能〉の表現)であると説いた。
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