Japan Productivity Center

Japanese: 日本生産性本部 - にほんせいさんせいほんぶ(英語表記)Japan Productivity Center
Japan Productivity Center

A public interest incorporated foundation whose purpose is to contribute to the development of the Japanese economy, the improvement of people's lives, and contribution to the international community by working to improve the productivity of the national economy while striving to form a national consensus in order to solve the problems of a globalized socio-economy.

Its origins date back to 1955, after the Second World War, when the Japan Productivity Center was established as a public-private joint venture to promote the productivity movement in Japan, which was being developed globally under the leadership of the United States. In 1994, it merged with the National Conference of Social and Economic Affairs to become the Japan Productivity Center for Social and Economic Affairs, but in 2009 it changed its name to the Japan Productivity Center for Social and Economic Affairs, and in 2010 it became the current public interest incorporated foundation.

While receiving support and influence from the United States, the former Japan Productivity Center aimed to develop a uniquely Japanese productivity movement, and based it on the three principles of productivity improvement. These principles proclaimed that productivity improvement would ultimately increase employment, that productivity improvement required labor-management cooperation, and that the fruits of productivity improvement should be distributed fairly. This approach to labor-management cooperation remains the basic policy of the Productivity Center to this day, and is the defining feature and driving force of Japan's productivity movement. At first, some labor unions opposed the approach to labor-management cooperation and did not participate in the productivity movement, but they could not deny the reality that it contributed to the rapid growth of the Japanese economy, and they came to essentially accept it.

The former Productivity Center, based on the theme of labor-management cooperation, worked hard to establish the productivity movement nationwide by sending overseas inspection teams, hosting various seminars, establishing research committees, founding a productivity research institute, hosting labor union productivity conferences, and engaging in publishing and public relations activities. Approximately every five years, it issued a declaration setting forth guidelines for the movement that were in line with the times, updating the significance of the movement in these times. The results of the movement, which supported the development of the Japanese economy, inspired other countries, particularly Asian countries, and Productivity Centers were established in several countries, with Japan's Productivity Center leading the way by hosting international conferences.

The National Council for Social and Economic Affairs was an organization established by the former Japan Productivity Center in 1973 to make policy recommendations in a wide range of areas, including welfare, energy, and the environment, and to call on the government and related organizations to implement them. In the 1990s, when the bubble economy collapsed and the Japanese economy entered a period of transition, the productivity movement was called upon to take a broader perspective and to shift to a direction that focused on reforming the entire socio-economic system and improving efficiency. This situation prompted the integration of the policy recommendations of the National Council for Social and Economic Affairs with the productivity movement of the former Japan Productivity Center, and the Productivity Center for Social and Economic Affairs was born in 1994.

The goal of the Social and Economic Productivity Headquarters was to create a "high-quality productivity society," which envisioned the following: a society that respects the principles of a market economy with international reach, replacing the era of ideological conflict, a value-creating economic society, a society that promotes innovation to bring about a qualitative shift to management that values ​​customer value, a society that values ​​relationships that are not limited to labor and management in individual companies but also extend to shareholders, consumers, and citizens, and a recycling-oriented economic society that breaks away from mass consumption and values ​​the global environment.

As a result of promoting various projects based on this concept, the concept was understood and accepted by society, but in order to further promote and establish the movement, the name was reverted to the well-known Japan Productivity Center in 2009. In 2010, it changed from a foundation to a public interest incorporated foundation due to a change in the legal system. In addition to the headquarters, the current Japan Productivity Center has seven regional headquarters and ten prefectural headquarters and councils as separate organizations, and promotes surveys, research, guidance, seminars, etc., operates the Japan Management Quality Award and the Productivity Ship (training on board a ship and direct experience of foreign cultures), and has established a Mental Health Research Institute, Employment System Research Center, Management Academy, etc. to contribute to improving employment and management, and also engages in exchanges and cooperation with related organizations both in Japan and overseas.

[Mitsuo Morimoto]

[References] | Productivity | Productivity Improvement Movement | Labor-Management Cooperation

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

グローバル化した社会経済の課題解決のために、国民的合意の形成に努めつつ国民経済の生産性の向上を図り、日本経済の発展、国民生活の向上、および国際社会への貢献に寄与することを目的とする公益財団法人。

 その起源は、第二次世界大戦後の1955年(昭和30)、アメリカの主導で世界的に展開された生産性運動の日本における推進機関として官民により設立された財団法人日本生産性本部である。1994年(平成6)に、社団法人社会経済国民会議を統合して、財団法人社会経済生産性本部となったが、2009年に名称変更して財団法人日本生産性本部となり、2010年に現在の公益財団法人となった。

 旧日本生産性本部は、アメリカの支援と影響を受けつつも、日本独自の生産性運動の展開を意図し、生産性向上三原則を根幹に据えた。それは、生産性向上が究極において雇用を増大すること、生産性向上には労使協力が必要であること、生産性向上の成果は公正に分配されること、をうたった。このような労使協調路線は、今日に至る生産性本部の基本方針であり、日本の生産性運動の特徴と原動力になっているものである。当初、労働組合の一部は、労使協調路線に反対の立場をとり、生産性運動に参加しなかったが、日本経済の躍進に寄与した現実を否定することができず、事実上容認するようになっていった。

 旧生産性本部は、労使協力を基調にしつつ、具体的には海外視察団の派遣、各種セミナーの開催、調査研究委員会の設置、生産性研究所の創設、労組生産性会議の開催、出版・広報活動などを精力的に行って、生産性運動の国民的定着に努力した。ほぼ5年ごとに時代に即した運動の指針を宣言として発表し、運動の時代的意義を更新した。日本経済の発展を支えた運動の成果は、諸外国とくにアジア諸国に刺激を与え、いくつかの国に生産性本部が創設され、日本の生産性本部はそれらをリードし国際会議を開催するなどした。

 社会経済国民会議は、旧日本生産性本部が1973年に創設した組織で、福祉、エネルギー、環境など幅広い分野について政策提言を行い、政府や関係機関にその実現を求めていた。バブル経済が崩壊して日本経済が転換期に入った1990年代になると、生産性運動はより広範な視点への止揚を求められるようになり、社会経済システム全般の改革と効率改善を課題とする方向への転換を迫られるようになった。このような情勢は、社会経済国民会議の政策提言と旧日本生産性本部の生産性運動の統合を促すことになり、1994年に社会経済生産性本部が誕生する。

 社会経済生産性本部の目標とした社会は、「高質生産性社会」とされ、次のような内容を構想した。イデオロギー対立時代にかわる国際的広がりをもった市場経済の原則を尊重する社会、価値創造型の経済社会、顧客価値重視の経営に質的転換する革新を推進する社会、個別企業の労使にとどまらず株主・消費者・市民にまで拡大された関係を重視する社会、大量消費を脱却し地球環境を重視する循環型経済社会などである。

 こうした構想に従って各種事業を推進した結果、構想は社会に理解され受け入れられたが、さらなる運動の推進と定着のために、2009年に知名度の高い日本生産性本部の名称に回帰した。2010年の財団法人から公益財団法人への変更は、法制度の改変による。現在の日本生産性本部は、本部のほか、別組織として7地方本部、10県本部・協議会を擁し、調査、研究、指導、セミナーなどを推進し、日本経営品質賞、生産性の船(船上での研修と海外文化の直接体験)などを運営し、メンタル・ヘルス研究所、雇用システム研究センター、経営アカデミーなどを設置して雇用や経営の改善に貢献するとともに、内外関係機関との交流や協力等を行っている。

[森本三男]

[参照項目] | 生産性 | 生産性向上運動 | 労使協調主義

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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