...This is a study that examines the psychopathological aspects of prominent people and seeks to clarify the impact and significance of these on their creative activities. It is translated as "pathography" or "pathography." It is a form that has been inherited from the long tradition of "genius and madness" theory since ancient Greece, but it was German psychiatrist PJ Möbius (1853-1907) who established the basis of this theory through detailed analysis from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, and the term "pathography" was first used in his paper "On Scheffel's Malignancy" (1907). After Möbius, this field developed especially in the German-speaking world, and during that time the psychoanalytic school of S. Freud and others, the phenomenological school of Jaspers and others, the sociological school of Lange and Eichbaum and others, and the constitutional biology school of Kretschmer and others were active, each achieving their own unique accomplishments. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Möbius, PJ" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…傑出した人物の精神病理的側面を検討し,それが彼らの創造活動に及ぼした影響や意義を明らかにしようとする研究をいい,〈病跡〉または〈病跡学〉と訳される。古代ギリシア以来の長い伝統をもつ〈天才と狂気〉論の流れを,精神医学の土壌で引きついだ形になっているが,これを19世紀の末から20世紀の初めにかけて精細な分析によって基礎づけたのはドイツの精神医学者メービウスP.J.Möbius(1853‐1907)で,〈パトグラフィー〉という用語も彼の論文《シェッフェルの病気について》(1907)のなかで初めて使われた。メービウス以後,この方面はとりわけドイツ語圏を中心として発展をとげ,その間にS.フロイトらの精神分析学派,ヤスパースらの現象学派,ランゲ・アイヒバウムらの社会学派,クレッチマーらの体質生物学派などが活躍して,それぞれ独自の業績をあげている。… ※「Möbius,P.J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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