Nivkhi people - Nivkhi people (English spelling)

Japanese: ニブヒ族 - ニブヒぞく（英語表記）Nivkhi

Indigenous people living in the Russian Far East, in the lower reaches of the Amur River and on Sakhalin. Population: over 4,600 (1989). In the singular form, Nivkh. Nivkh is a self-proclaimed name meaning "human being," but they were formerly called Gilyaki. Nivkh (Gilyak) is an isolated language with no close sister languages, but is included in the Old Asian languages along with neighboring languages. Historically, they have had close ties with the Ainu and other neighboring Tungusic and Manchu-speaking peoples, and share significant cultural similarities.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ロシア連邦の極東地方，アムール川の下流域とサハリンに居住する原住民。人口4600余(1989)。単数形ではニブフ。ニブヒは自称で〈人間〉の意であるが，かつてはギリヤークGilyakiと称された。ニブヒ語(ギリヤーク語)はいわゆる親縁な兄弟言語をもたない孤立した言語であるが，隣接の諸言語とともに旧アジア諸語に含められている。歴史的にはアイヌをはじめ，隣接するツングース･満州語系の諸族と密接な関係にあり，文化的にも著しい共通性をもつ。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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