drift net; gill net

Japanese: 流し網 - ながしあみ（英語表記）drift net; gill net

A gill net used to catch fish by letting it drift with ocean currents and trapping them in the meshes. Since it is not fixed with an anchor, there is no limit to the water depth, and since there is little resistance to the flow of water, the width of the net can be made wide as needed. To facilitate the operation of the fishing gear, low-shipped boats of less than 50 tons are used, and the casting of the net is done at the stern while sailing. After casting, the net is turned around to correct its shape, and then the drag net at the end of the net is removed and allowed to drift along with the net. The hauling of the net is done on the windward side of the bow. Generally, it targets surface fish, but there are also bottom drift nets that target red sea bream, kuruma prawns, and whiting. Fish species caught include salmon, trout, herring, pacific saury, sardines, flying fish, Spanish mackerel, Japanese Spanish mackerel, and mackerel. Of all gillnets, driftnets are the most pelagic and have been used on a large scale, but in recent years, driftnet fishing on the high seas has become a problem due to its adverse effects on ecosystems, including bycatch of marine mammals and seabirds. Resolutions to regulate driftnets have been passed at the United Nations and international fisheries conferences, and policy and voluntary measures to restrict their use are being implemented in many fishing areas. (Regulations on high seas driftnets)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

海潮流に漂流させて網目に魚を刺させたり，からませて漁獲するのに使用する刺網。錨で固定しないので，水深に対する制限がなく，また流水抵抗も少いので，必要に応じて網幅を広くすることができる。漁具の操作の関係上，船は 50t以下の舷の低いものが用いられ，投げ網は航走しながら船尾で行う。投げ網後は網回りをして網の形状を修正してから網端の引網を取って網とともに流す。揚げ網は船首風上舷で行う。一般には表層性の魚類を対象とするが，マダイ，クルマエビ，キスなどを対象とする底流し網もある。漁獲される魚種にはサケ，マス，ニシン，サンマ，イワシ，トビウオ，サワラ，イナダ，サバなどがある。刺網中で最も遠洋性に富み，大規模に使用されていたが，近年，公海上の流し網漁が海生哺乳動物や海鳥の混獲など生態系に悪影響を及ぼすことが問題となり，国連や国際漁業協議の場で規制の決議がなされ，政策的・自主的に使用を抑える措置が多くの漁場でみられる。 (公海流し網規制 )

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Battle of Nagashino

>>: Flow - Nagashi