Treaty of Gandhamak

Japanese: ガンダマク条約 - がんだまくじょうやく
Treaty of Gandhamak

...This was the First Anglo-Afghan War. In 1978, Britain again sent troops to start the Second War, and the following year, the Treaty of Gandamak was signed, giving Britain control of the country's diplomatic rights, and in 1980, British troops withdrew from Kabul. In May 1919, taking advantage of Britain's exhaustion after World War I and the instability of India, Afghanistan invaded India.

From [Khyber Pass]

…The area is a series of steep rocky mountains, sparsely covered with small shrubs, dotted with forts and memorials to British troops from the First and Second Anglo-Afghan Wars. Britain gained control of the pass area in the Treaty of Gandamak in 1879, and the current border runs along the Durand Line, which was drawn in 1893. Reflecting the balance of power between Britain and Afghanistan at the time, the border is not drawn along the watershed that runs through the pass, but along the plains on the Afghan side of the western foothills. …

*Some of the terms mentioned in the "Gandamak Treaty" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これが第1次イギリス・アフガニスタン戦争である。78年,イギリスは再び軍隊を送って第2次戦争を起こし,翌年ガンダマク条約を結んで,この国の外交権を掌握,80年イギリス軍隊はカーブルから撤退した。1919年5月,第1次世界大戦後のイギリスの疲弊とインドの不安定に乗じて,今度はアフガニスタンがインドに攻めこんだ。…

【ハイバル[峠]】より

…一帯は小灌木がまばらに生えるのみの峨々たる岩山で,所々に要塞や,第1次,第2次イギリス・アフガニスタン戦争時のイギリス軍の記念碑が点在する。イギリスは1879年のガンダマク条約により峠一帯の支配権を獲得し,現在の国境は1893年画定のデュランド・ラインに沿っている。当時のイギリスとアフガニスタンとの力関係を反映して,国境は峠を通る分水嶺ではなく,西麓のアフガニスタン側の平地に引かれている。…

※「ガンダマク条約」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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