Naorai - Naorai

Japanese: 直会 - なおらい
Naorai - Naorai

This refers to an event in which people receive a meal (ozen) (saishoku) similar to that offered to the gods at a Shinto festival, or the leftovers of the sacred sake (miki) and food (shinsen) offered to the gods. Since it is generally held at the end of a Shinto festival, it is said to be a return to normal life after the end of the festival, that is, a return to a state of purity after fasting in order to serve the gods, but originally it was a way of eating sacred food during the festival. In the Niiname Festival at the Imperial Palace, the meal with the gods at the center of the ritual is called naorikai, and in the Miare ritual (ritual to welcome the gods) at Kamo Wakeikazuchi (Kamigamo) Shrine in Kyoto, the naorikai refers to the reception of sacred sake and "tsukami no goryo" (a kind of mixed rice) at the festival grounds prior to welcoming the gods. The original form of naorikai is still preserved today. It was Motoori Norinaga who explained that naorikai was a kaisai. In other words, "It is the cutting off of Nahoriahi, and naori means to relax the fast and return to normal" (Shokki Rekicho Shoshikai). Since then, Naoai and Kaisai have been confused.

[Numabe Harutomo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

神祭りにおいて、神に供えたものと同様の御膳(おぜん)(斎食(さいしょく))、あるいは、神に供えた神酒(みき)や神饌(しんせん)のお下がりをちょうだいする行事をいう。一般には神祭りの最後に行われることから、これは神祭りに仕えるために、斎戒(さいかい)して清浄なる状態になったのを、祭りが終わって平常に戻ること、すなわち解斎(げさい)と説かれるが、もともとは祭りのなかで斎食を頂くことであった。宮中の新嘗(にいなめ)祭では、祭儀の中心において、神々との共食を直会と称し、京都の賀茂別雷(かもわけいかずち)(上賀茂)神社の御阿礼(みあれ)神事(神迎えの祭祀(さいし))では、祭場にて、神迎えに先だち、神酒と「掴(つか)みの御料(ごりょう)」(混ぜご飯のようなもの)を頂くことを直会と称しているなど、本来の直会の形式が今日もなお継承されている。直会を解斎と説いたのは本居宣長(もとおりのりなが)である。すなわち、「奈保理阿比(なほりあひ)の切(つづま)れる也(なり)、直(なほ)るとは、斎(ものいみ)をゆるべて、平常(つね)に復(かへ)る意也」(『続紀歴朝詔詞解(しょっきれきちょうしょうしかい)』)と。以来、直会と解斎とが混同されてきたのである。

[沼部春友]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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