Naucratis - Naucratis (English spelling)

Japanese: ナウクラティス - なうくらてぃす(英語表記)Naucratis
Naucratis - Naucratis (English spelling)

A Greek trading city located on the Nile River Canopus (one of the tributaries that make up the Nile Delta) in ancient Egypt. It was founded by the Milesians around 650 BC as a cargo distribution center, but other Greek merchants soon established a presence there. Around 560 BC, King Amasis (reigned 569-526 BC) of the 26th Dynasty of Egypt made the city a chartered port for trade with the Greeks. From then on, Greek cargo was unloaded here only, and Naucratis became the sole carrier of Mediterranean commerce in Egypt. The Greeks were guaranteed self-government and religious life within the city.

During the Ptolemaic period, despite the construction of Alexandria, it continued to play a role as a transshipment port for cargo bound for Memphis. From the time of Alexander the Great, it minted its own coins, and maintained an independent urban system even into the Roman period, surviving until the Byzantine Empire.

[Kenji Furukawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代エジプトのナイル川カノプス(デルタを構成する諸支流の一つ)沿いに位置したギリシア人交易都市。紀元前650年ごろミレトス人によって貨物集散地として建てられたが、ほどなく他のギリシア人商人もそこに地歩を築いた。エジプト第26王朝のアマシス王Amasis(在位前569~前526)は前560年ごろ、この地をギリシア人との交易のための特許港とした。以後、ギリシアの船荷はここだけに降ろされることになり、ナウクラティスはエジプトにおける地中海商業を一手に引き受けることになった。ギリシア人は、市内での自治行政と宗教生活を保証された。

 プトレマイオス朝時代はアレクサンドリアの建設にもかかわらず、メンフィス行きの貨物積替え港としてその役割を持続した。アレクサンドロス大王のころから独自の貨幣を鋳造し、ローマ時代に入っても独立した都市体制を保ち、ビザンティン帝国時代まで存続した。

[古川堅治]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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