The first of the 5 Delhi Sultanates in India (1206-90). It was of Turkish origin. It was founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak (reigned 1206-10), a general of the Ghorid dynasty, and established its power over the Turks who invaded North India with Delhi as its capital. Its power was established during the reign of Iletumish (reigned 1211-36), a slave of Aibak who became sultan, and it laid the foundation for the rule of the Muslim Turks in India for the next 660 years. His direct descendants continued to ascend to the throne, and the seventh sultan, Balban (reigned 1266-87), who was also a slave, expanded his power, but was overthrown by the Khalji dynasty in two generations. Many of the ruling class were of Turkish Ilbari origin, but since many of the sultans and powerful nobles were former court slaves, it came to be known by the unusual name of the slave dynasty. [Matsuo Ara] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インドのデリー・サルタナット5王朝の最初の王朝(1206~90)。トルコ系に属する。ゴール朝の部将クトゥブッディーン・アイバク(在位1206~10)が創始者で、デリーを首都とし、北インドに侵入したトルコ人の支配権力を確立定着させた。アイバクの奴隷出身で、スルタンになったイレトゥミシュ(在位1211~36)の治世に勢力が確立し、その後660年にわたるインドにおけるイスラム系トルコ人の支配の基礎をつくった。彼のあと直系子孫の登位が続き、7代スルタンに奴隷出身のバルバン(在位1266~87)がたって権力を拡大したが、そのあと2代でハルジー朝勢力に倒された。支配層の多くはトルコ系イルバリー人の出身だったが、スルタンや有力貴族に宮廷奴隷出身者が多かったため、奴隷王朝という特異な名でよばれるようになった。 [荒 松雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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