Nuclear reactors are made up of many machines and structures, and many types of materials are used in them, but among these, there are materials that perform functions specific to nuclear reactors, and these are called reactor materials. The fuel mass contains the nuclear fuel material in the reactor core, and generates heat through nuclear fission, while the coolant receives heat from the fuel mass and carries it outside the core. In order to control nuclear fission, a control material with a high neutron absorption capacity is inserted into the core, and in thermal neutron reactors such as light water reactors, a moderator is placed to reduce the energy of the neutrons produced by nuclear fission. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
原子炉は多くの機械や構造物から構成されていて,そこで使用されている材料の種類も多いが,そのなかに原子炉特有の機能を果たす役割をもった材料があり,これを原子炉材料という。原子炉の炉心で核燃料物質を含み,その核分裂によって熱を発生するのが燃料体であり,この燃料体から熱を受け取り炉心の外へ運び出すのが冷却材である。炉心には核分裂を制御するために中性子吸収能の大きな制御材を挿入し,軽水炉など熱中性子炉では核分裂によりつくられた中性子のエネルギーを下げるために減速材がおかれる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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