Tokushima Prefecture

Japanese: 徳島[県] - とくしま

A prefecture in the eastern part of Shikoku. The prefectural capital is Tokushima City. It covers an area of 4,146.65 ^km2 . It has a population of 785,491 (2010). [History] Formerly part of Awa Province, it was ruled by the Sasaki and Hosokawa clans in the Middle Ages, and after the Hachisuka clan was granted a fief in 1585, it controlled over 250,000 koku of Awa land based on the production of indigo, salt, and tobacco. In 1871 it became Tokushima Prefecture, then Meito Prefecture, and after merging and incorporating Kagawa and Kochi Prefectures, the entire Awa region became Tokushima Prefecture again in 1880. [Nature] 80% of the prefecture's area is mountainous, and to the north of the Yoshinogawa Rift Valley along the Median Tectonic Line is the Sanuki Mountains, which form the border with Kagawa Prefecture, and to the south is the Tsurugi Mountains. The flatlands are limited to the middle and lower reaches of the Yoshino River (Tokushima Plain), which flows east in the north and empties into the Kii Channel, the Katsuura River and Naka River in the east, and the Kaifu River basin in the south. The coast is rocky south of Tachibana Bay on the eastern end, and sandy north of that. The northern part has a climate similar to the Seto Inland Sea, with little rainfall, dry winters, and evening sunshine in summer. The eastern and southern parts have a Pacific coastal climate, with much rainfall and warm winters. [Industry] The population by industry is 9.8% primary, 25.5% secondary, and 62.9% tertiary (2005). The proportion of primary industries is high, about twice the national average, but agricultural operations are small and many people have other jobs. In addition to rice cultivation, vegetable cultivation such as spinach, radishes, lotus roots, and carrots is popular in the Tokushima Plain, and they are shipped to the Hanshin market and some to the Tokyo market. In the middle reaches of the Yoshino River and in the mountainous areas, sweet potatoes and tobacco are cultivated, while in the mountainous areas of the Naka River and Katsuura River basins, mandarin oranges, hassaku citrus fruits and sudachi citrus fruits are cultivated, and on the Pacific coast, snow peas and other crops are cultivated. Forestry is mainly produced from cedar wood from the Kitou region upstream of the Naka River. Fisheries are centered on coastal fishing and aquaculture. Naruto's wakame seaweed is famous. Industry is centered on chemicals, food and woodworking, but it has lagged behind the primary industries. In line with the development of the transportation system, infrastructure development and sophistication is progressing, including the creation of industrial parks. There are two quasi-national parks, Setonaikai National Park, which includes the Naruto Strait, Tsurugisan Quasi-National Park, and Muroto-Anan Kaigan Quasi-National Park, as well as many sacred sites that are part of the 88 Shikoku Temples, and the Awa Dance and Awa Joruri are famous throughout the country. [Transportation] The Tokushima Line, Takatoku Line, Dosan Line, Mugi Line, Shikoku Expressway, National Route 11, and Route 55 are the main routes, all of which connect to the plains, coasts, and river valleys, but transportation in the mountainous areas is inconvenient. There are boat services from Tokushima City to Hanshin, Wakayama, and Komatsushima City to Wakayama and Osaka. The Kobe-Naruto Route of the Honshu-Shikoku Bridge opened in 1998.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

四国地方東部の県。県庁所在地徳島市。4146.65km²。78万5491人（2010）。〔沿革〕　かつての阿波国にあたり，中世には佐々木氏，細川氏などが支配，1585年に蜂須賀氏が封ぜられて以後，アイ（藍），塩，タバコの生産を基礎に阿波25万石余を支配した。1871年徳島県，次いで名東県となり，香川・高知両県との合併・編入ののち1880年再び阿波全域が徳島県となった。〔自然〕　県面積の80％は山地で，中央構造線に沿う吉野川地溝帯の北側は香川県境をなす讃岐山脈，南側は剣山地である。平地は北部を東流して紀伊水道に注ぐ吉野川の中・下流域（徳島平野），東部の勝浦川，那賀川，南部の海部(かいふ)川の流域に限られる。海岸は東端の橘湾以南が岩石海岸，以北が砂浜海岸。北部は瀬戸内式気候に近く，雨量が少なく，特に冬は乾燥し，夏は夕なぎがある。東部と南部は太平洋岸式気候で，雨量が多く，冬も温暖。〔産業〕　産業別人口構成は第１次9.8％，第２次25.5％，第３次62.9％（2005）。第１次産業の比率が全国平均の約２倍と高いが，農業の経営規模は小さく兼業が多い。徳島平野では米作のほかホウレンソウ，ダイコン，レンコン，ニンジンなどの野菜栽培が盛んで，阪神市場，一部は東京市場へ出荷される。吉野川中流や山間部ではサツマイモ，タバコ，那賀川と勝浦川流域山地ではミカン，ハッサク，スダチ，太平洋岸ではサヤエンドウなどの促成栽培が行われる。林業は那賀川上流の木頭(きとう)地方の杉材が主。水産業は沿岸漁業と養殖業が中心。鳴門のワカメは有名。工業は化学，食品，木工などが中心であるが，第１次産業に比べると立ち遅れている。交通体系の整備に合わせ，工業団地造成などの基盤整備や高度化が進む。鳴門海峡を含む瀬戸内海国立公園，剣山国定公園，室戸阿南海岸国定公園の２国定公園，四国八十八ヵ所に属する多くの霊場があり，阿波踊，阿波浄瑠璃は全国的に有名。〔交通〕　徳島線，高徳線，土讃線，牟岐線，四国縦貫自動車道，国道11，55号線が主要幹線で，いずれも平野部や海岸，河谷に通じるが，山間部の交通は不便。徳島市から阪神，和歌山，小松島市から和歌山，大阪へ船便がある。本州四国連絡道路神戸・鳴門ルートは1998年に開通した。
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