Tokiwa Gozen

Japanese: 常盤御前 - ときわごぜん
Tokiwa Gozen

Date of birth and death unknown. Mother of Minamoto no Yoshitsune. She was a servant to Emperor Konoe's Empress Kujoin (Fujiwara no Teishi), but later became a concubine to Minamoto no Yoshitomo and gave birth to three children, Imawaka, Otowaka, and Ushiwaka. When Yoshitomo was killed in the Heiji Rebellion (1159), Tokiwa escaped from the pursuit of the Taira clan and hid in Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture) with her three children. However, in order to save her mother who was captured by the Taira clan, she turned herself in to Rokuhara and was forgiven. It is said that she became a concubine of Taira no Kiyomori at this time. Later, she married Fujiwara no Nagashige, the Ichijo Okurakyo. All three of her children entered the Buddhist priesthood, but Ushiwaka, who climbed Mount Kurama (Kurama Honmachi, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City), later became Yoshitsune. She was a woman of great beauty. Tokiwa, who appears in the kabuki play "Kiichi Hogen Sanryaku no Maki" (Ichijo Okura Monogatari), is a leading female role.

[Tanabe Hisako]

[Reference] | Minamoto no Yoshitsune

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。源義経(よしつね)の母。近衛(このえ)天皇の皇后九条院(くじょういん)(藤原呈子)の奥向きの召使いであったが、のち源義朝(よしとも)の妾(しょう)となり、今若(いまわか)、乙若(おとわか)、牛若(うしわか)の3児をもうける。平治(へいじ)の乱(1159)に敗れた義朝が殺されると、常盤は平氏の追及を逃れて3児を連れ大和(やまと)国(奈良県)に隠れた。しかし、平氏に捕らえられた母を助けるため六波羅(ろくはら)に自首し、許された。このとき平清盛(きよもり)の妾となったとも伝えられる。のち一条大蔵卿(いちじょうおおくらきょう)藤原長成(ながしげ)に嫁した。3児は仏門に入ったが、鞍馬(くらま)山(京都市左京区鞍馬本町)にのぼった牛若がのち義経となった。美貌(びぼう)の誉れ高き女性である。歌舞伎(かぶき)『鬼一法眼三略巻(きいちほうげんさんりゃくのまき)』(一条大蔵譚(ものがたり))に登場する常盤は、立(たて)女方(おやま)の役どころである。

[田辺久子]

[参照項目] | 源義経

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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