Muslims who live in China's Gansu Province and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, especially in the Tianshan North, and who speak Chinese. They are written in Chinese as "Donggan." They are also called Tugan, both of which are apparently Turkish words meaning "converts (to Islam)." They are also called Hanhui, while Uyghur Muslims are called Tenkai. In 1862, the rebellion against the Qing Dynasty by Muslims in Shaanxi and Gansu spread to Xinjiang, and in 1864, the Dungans of Guchen, Urumqi, Ili, Kucha, and other areas rebelled and established governments in various places, but were defeated by the army of Yakub Beg of East Turkistan. In 1867, the Dungan took control of the seven cities of Ili and the area north of Tianshan, but Ili was occupied by Russia in 1871, and the Dungan rebellion was put down by Zuo Zongtang of the Qing Dynasty by 1877. Today, they are called the Hui people or Hui people. [Masao Mamoru] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国の甘粛(かんしゅく)省、新疆(しんきょう)ウイグル自治区、とくに天山北路に住み中国語を用いるイスラム教徒。漢字で「東干」と表記される。トゥガンともいい、ともに「(イスラム教への)改宗者」を示すトルコ語らしい。また漢回ともよび、これに対してウイグル人イスラム教徒を纏回(てんかい)という。1862年に陝西(せんせい)・甘粛のイスラム教徒の清(しん)朝への反乱は新疆へも波及し、64年、グーチェン、ウルムチ、イリ、クチャなどのドゥンガンが反乱を起こして各地に政権をたてたが、東トルキスタンのヤクブ・ベクの軍に敗れた。ドゥンガンは1867年にイリの七城をはじめ天山北路を制圧したが、イリは71年ロシアに占領され、ドゥンガンの反乱は77年までに清(しん)の左宗棠(さそうとう)によって鎮圧された。現在では回族、回民とよばれる。 [護 雅夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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