Tohoku Plain

Japanese: 東北平原 - とうほくへいげん
Tohoku Plain

A vast plain lying in the center of northeastern China. It is also called the Kanto Plain or Songliao Plain. It is bounded by the Little Hinggan Mountains in the north, the Greater Hinggan Mountains in the west, the Changbai Mountains in the east, and reaches Liaodong Bay in the Bohai Sea in the south. It stretches about 1,000 km from north to south, about 400 km from east to west at its widest point, and covers an area of ​​about 350,000 square kilometers, making it the largest plain in China. It was formed mainly by alluvial action of the Liaohe River, Songhua River, and Nen River, and most of it is below 200 meters above sea level. The Songhua River and Liao River watershed near Changchun (Songliao Watershed) also does not reach 250 meters. The area south of this watershed is called the Liaohe Plain, and the area north of it is called the Songnen Plain. The Northeast Plain may also include the Sanjiang Plain in addition to these two plains. The Sanjiang Plain is a plain in the northeastern corner of the Northeast region, where the Heilongjiang River, the Ussuri River, and the Songhua River meet. It consists of lowlands below 50 meters above sea level, and most of it is swamp and marshland, but since 1955 it has been developed by state-run farms, and much of it is now farmland. Abundant oil, natural gas, and coal resources lie underground in the Northeast Plain.

[Kono Michihiro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国東北地区中央部に横たわる大平野。関東平原、松遼(しょうりょう)平原などともいう。北は小興安嶺(しょうこうあんれい/シャオシンアンリン)、西は大興安嶺(だいこうあんれい/ターシンアンリン)、東は長白(ちょうはく)山地によって限られ、南は渤海(ぼっかい)の遼東(りょうとう/リヤオトン)湾に至る。南北約1000キロメートル、東西はもっとも広い所で約400キロメートル、面積約35万平方キロメートルで、中国最大の平野である。主として遼河(りょうが)、松花江(しょうかこう)、嫩江(どんこう)の沖積作用によって形成されたもので、大部分は標高200メートル以下である。長春(ちょうしゅん/チャンチュン)付近の松花江と遼河の分水嶺(ぶんすいれい)(松遼分水嶺)も250メートルに達しない。この分水嶺以南を遼河平原、以北を松嫩(しょうどん)平原とよぶ。なお東北平原にはこの両平原のほか三江平原も含める場合がある。三江平原は黒竜江、ウスリー川、松花江の3河川の合流点にあたる、東北地区の北東隅にある平野で、標高50メートル以下の低地からなり、大部分は沼沢、湿地であるが、1955年以後国営農場によって開発され、今は農地化しているところが多い。東北平原の地下には豊富な石油、天然ガス、石炭資源が埋蔵されている。

[河野通博]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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