A compound of potassium and sulfur. It is the monosulfide of potassium. When simply referring to potassium sulfide, it usually means monosulfide, while the others are called polysulfides. As with sodium sulfide, a pentahydrate can be obtained by reacting an equivalent amount of potassium hydroxide solution with a solution of potassium hydrogen sulfide. It becomes anhydrous when heated and dehydrated in a hydrogen gas stream. Other methods include reacting potassium with sulfur directly or in liquid ammonia, and reducing potassium sulfate with carbon or hydrogen. In industry, it is produced by mixing potassium carbonate and sulfur in a 2:1 ratio and melting. It is a colorless, deliquescent crystalline powder. It is easily oxidized in air and turns yellow. The industrial product (K2Sx) is yellow-green or brown in color because it contains polysulfides K2Sx (x is 2 , 3, 4, 5, etc.). It dissolves in water, ethanol (ethyl alcohol), glycerin, and liquid ammonia. Its aqueous solution is strongly alkaline, and generates hydrogen sulfide when acid is added. It also exists as a dihydrate and dodecahydrate. It is used to treat skin diseases because it has the ability to dissolve keratin. [Torii Yasuo] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カリウムと硫黄(いおう)の化合物。カリウムの一硫化物である。単に硫化カリウムというと普通は一硫化物をさし、他はポリ硫化物とよばれる。硫化ナトリウムと同様、硫化水素カリウム溶液に当量の水酸化カリウム溶液を作用させると五水和物を得ることができる。水素気流中で加熱脱水すると無水和物となる。そのほか、カリウムと硫黄を直接あるいは液体アンモニア中で反応させる方法、硫酸カリウムを炭素または水素で還元する方法がある。工業的には炭酸カリウムと硫黄を二対一に混合し、融解して製造する。無色、潮解性の結晶性粉末。空気中で容易に酸化されて黄色を呈する。工業製品(硫肝(りゅうかん))はポリ硫化物K2Sx(xは2、3、4、5など)を含むため黄緑色ないし褐色を呈する。水のほかエタノール(エチルアルコール)、グリセリン、液体アンモニアに溶ける。水溶液は強アルカリ性で、酸を加えると硫化水素を発生する。ほかに二および12水和物がある。角質を溶かす作用があるので皮膚病の治療に用いられる。 [鳥居泰男] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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