The name of the tracks of East Japan Railway Company (JR East Japan). It consists of 535.3 km of Tokyo-Fukushima-Sendai-Morioka, 7.6 km of Nippori-Oku-Akabane, 4.2 km of Iwakiri-Rifu (single track), 18.0 km of Akabane-Musashi-Urawa-Omiya, 0.3 km of Matsushima-Takagimachi (single track), and 6.6 km of freight track. The Tohoku Main Line is a line that basically runs through the Kanto and Tohoku regions, connecting Tokyo and Aomori, with the 739.2 km section between Tokyo and Aomori forming the main line, but with the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen between Morioka and Hachinohe (2002) and between Hachinohe and Shin-Aomori (2010), the Morioka-Aomori section (203.9 km) of the Tohoku Main Line that runs parallel to this section was transferred to the third-sector IGR Iwate Galaxy Railway and Aoimori Railway. All passenger lines are double or quadruple tracked except where noted. The line south of Kuroiso Station is electrified with direct current, and the line north of Kuroiso Station is electrified with alternating current. The section between Ueno and Kuroiso is nicknamed the Utsunomiya Line. The line was opened by the Japanese Railway between Ueno and Omiya in 1883 (Meiji 16), and was gradually extended until it was completed to Aomori in 1891. It was nationalized in 1906 (Meiji 39), and became the Tohoku Main Line when the line name was established in 1909. Passenger service between Ueno and Tokyo was opened in 1925 (Taisho 14), but the terminal station on the Tokyo side has always been Ueno since the opening. Trains to the Takasaki Line also run on the Tohoku Main Line between Ueno and Omiya. Double-tracking and electrification of all conventional lines except for the freight line were completed in 1968 (Showa 43). With the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen (between Omiya and Morioka) in 1982, passenger transport between major cities was transferred to the Shinkansen, and conventional lines became mainly used for transport within individual cities. In 1987, following the privatization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR), it became part of JR East. With the start of operation of the Shonan-Shinjuku Line in 2001, some trains began direct service to the Yokosuka Line via Ikebukuro, Shinjuku, and Shibuya. With the opening of the Ueno-Tokyo Line in March 2015, many trains that previously stopped at Ueno began direct service to the Tokaido Main Line. In May of the same year, a connecting line with the Senseki Line opened between Matsushima and Takajo-machi, and the Senseki Tohoku Line began operation. [Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki, March 18, 2016] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
東日本旅客鉄道(JR東日本)の線路名称。東京―福島―仙台―盛岡間535.3キロメートル、日暮里(にっぽり)―尾久(おく)―赤羽間7.6キロメートル、岩切(いわきり)―利府(りふ)間4.2キロメートル(単線)、赤羽―武蔵(むさし)浦和―大宮間18.0キロメートル、松島―高城町(たかぎまち)間0.3キロメートル(単線)および貨物線6.6キロメートルよりなる。東北本線は基本的には関東地方と東北地方を縦断して東京と青森を結ぶ路線であり、東京―青森間739.2キロメートルがその幹線をなしていたが、東北新幹線の盛岡―八戸(はちのへ)間開通(2002)および八戸―新青森間開通(2010)に伴い、同区間と並行する東北本線の盛岡―青森間(203.9キロメートル)を第三セクターのIGRいわて銀河鉄道および青い森鉄道に移管した。旅客扱い線は特記した線以外は全線が複線および複々線。黒磯(くろいそ)駅を境として、以南が直流、以北が交流電化されている。上野―黒磯間は宇都宮(うつのみや)線の愛称がある。 日本鉄道によって1883年(明治16)上野―大宮間を開業したのち逐次延長し、1891年青森までを全通した。1906年(明治39)国有化され、1909年の線路名称制定とともに東北本線となった。上野―東京間の旅客線が開業したのは1925年(大正14)であるが、東京側のターミナル駅は開業時より一貫して上野であった。高崎線方面への列車も上野―大宮間では東北本線上を走る。貨物線を除く在来線全線の複線化と電化はともに1968年(昭和43)に完成した。1982年の東北新幹線(大宮―盛岡間)の開業によって、大都市間の旅客輸送の機能は新幹線に移り、在来線は個々の都市圏内輸送を主とするようになった。1987年、日本国有鉄道(国鉄)の分割民営化に伴い、JR東日本に所属。 2001年(平成13)の湘南(しょうなん)新宿ラインの運行開始とともに、一部列車は池袋、新宿、渋谷を経由して横須賀(よこすか)線と直通運転を開始した。2015年3月に上野東京ラインが開業したことで、上野止まりであった列車の多くが東海道本線と直通運転を行うようになった。また同年5月には、松島―高城町間に仙石線との連絡線が開通し、仙石東北ラインが運行を開始した。 [青木栄一・青木 亮 2016年3月18日] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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