This is the common name for the Shinkansen line between Tokyo and Shin-Aomori. It is included as part of the Tohoku Main Line in terms of the track name of the former Japanese National Railways (JNR). It is operated and managed by East Japan Railway Company (JR East Japan). It is a new standard high-speed railway that adopts the international standard gauge (1435 mm) and was planned to meet the increasing transportation demand on the Tohoku Main Line. Construction began in 1971 (Showa 46), and the Omiya-Morioka section was opened on June 23, 1982, the Ueno-Omiya section on March 14, 1985, and the line was opened to Tokyo Station on June 20, 1991 (Heisei 3). The Morioka-Hachinohe section was opened on December 1, 2002 (Heisei 14), and the Hachinohe-Shin-Aomori section was opened on December 4, 2010, completing the entire line. Due to the economic downturn caused by the oil crisis and changes to the Shinkansen development scheme (plan) following the reform of the national railways, it took a long time from the start of construction to the opening of the entire line. The total length of the line is 713.7 kilometers. The initial design was based on construction standards of a minimum curve radius of 4,000 meters, a maximum gradient of 20‰ (per mille), and a maximum speed of 260 kilometers per hour. The trains in operation are the "Nasuno" which stops at every station, and the "Yamabiko", "Hayate", and "Hayabusa" which stop at specific stations. In July 1992, the Yamagata Shinkansen opened between Fukushima and Yamagata, and the "Tsubasa" was introduced, which is coupled with the Tohoku Shinkansen between Tokyo and Fukushima. In March 1997, the Akita Shinkansen "Komachi" began operating between Morioka and Akita, and is coupled with the Tohoku Shinkansen between Tokyo and Morioka. In March 2016, with the opening of the Hokkaido Shinkansen between Shin-Aomori and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto, some Hayate and Hayabusa trains began direct service to the Hokkaido Shinkansen. [Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki, October 19, 2016] [Reference items] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
新幹線東京―新青森間の通称。旧日本国有鉄道(国鉄)線路名称のうえでは東北本線の一部に含められている。運行管理会社は東日本旅客鉄道(JR東日本)。東北本線の輸送需要の増加に応ずる目的で計画された国際標準軌間(1435ミリメートル)を採用した新規格の高速鉄道で、1971年(昭和46)着工、1982年6月23日、大宮―盛岡間を、1985年3月14日、上野―大宮間を開業し、1991年(平成3)6月20日、東京駅乗り入れが実現した。さらに2002年(平成14)12月1日、盛岡―八戸(はちのへ)間を、2010年12月4日、八戸―新青森間を開業して全線開通した。オイル・ショックなどの経済状況悪化や、国鉄改革に伴う新幹線整備スキーム(計画)が変更されたことなどにより、着工から全線開通までに長期間を要した。営業キロは713.7キロメートル。当初は最小曲線半径4000メートル、最急勾配(こうばい)20‰(パーミル)、最高時速260キロメートルを建設基準として設計された。各駅停車の「なすの」と特定の駅のみ停車の「やまびこ」「はやて」「はやぶさ」が運転されている。1992年7月には福島―山形間に山形新幹線が開業し、「つばさ」が登場して、東京―福島間で東北新幹線との併結運転が行われている。また、1997年3月、盛岡―秋田間に秋田新幹線「こまち」が営業運転を始め、東京―盛岡間で東北新幹線との併結運転が行われている。2016年3月には北海道新幹線の新青森―新函館北斗(しんはこだてほくと)間開業に伴い、「はやて」「はやぶさ」の一部列車が北海道新幹線と直通運転を開始した。 [青木栄一・青木 亮 2016年10月19日] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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