A large group of people gather together and throw one person's body sideways into the air repeatedly. It is mainly done as an expression of celebration, and is now seen among winning sports teams. A traditional custom is known to be the lifting up of a new person who has assumed the role of a god in a Shinto ritual. In the Edo period, after the soot-sweeping ceremony on December 13th, the master and all others would do a "dotsuki" (lifting up the body) as a celebration, or for fun, maids would be lifted up. According to "Kashiyawa" (1821-41), on Setsubun, women would "lift up" the man who was to be the oldest man in the family. Similar customs include throwing the boat owner into the sea during a boat launching ceremony, or carrying the god's role on one's shoulders or on one's back to prevent him from stepping on the ground. The origin of the tossing is unclear, but possible explanations include (1) an expression of joy, (2) a belief in holiness, (3) punishment or banishment as a variation of the sacred, and (4) a transitional ritual from secular to sacred. Comparison with the customs of various ethnic groups is also necessary. [Shoji Inoguchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
多くの人が群がって、1人の人の体を横にして、何度も空中に投げ上げること。主として祝福の表現として行われ、いまではスポーツの優勝チームの間などにみられる。在来の習俗としては、神事にあたって新たに神役についた人を胴上げする例が知られており、江戸時代には12月13日の煤(すす)払いのあと、祝儀として主人以下一同の胴突き(胴上げのこと)をしたり、おもしろ半分に女中などを胴上げすることがあった。『甲子夜話(かっしやわ)』(1821~41)によると、節分の日に年男を務める者を婦女たちが「胴に揚げる」ことがあったという。類似習俗としては、舟おろし(進水式)のときに舟主を海に投げ込むとか、神役を肩車したり背負ったりして土を踏ませないなどがある。胴上げの由来に関しては明確でなく、〔1〕喜びの表現、〔2〕神聖説、〔3〕神聖の変形としての制裁や追放、〔4〕俗から聖への過渡移行の儀礼、などが考えられる。諸民族の習俗との比較も必要である。 [井之口章次] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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