German Mysticism (English spelling) Deutsche Mystik

Japanese: ドイツ神秘主義 - どいつしんぴしゅぎ(英語表記)Deutsche Mystik
German Mysticism (English spelling) Deutsche Mystik

Mysticism, which seeks the union of the absolute God and the individual soul, first appeared among female mystics in European monasteries in the 12th and 13th centuries. The union with God through love was depicted in a visionary way, centered on the Song of Songs imagery (such as "The Bride of Christ") of the marriage of God and the soul. This emotional mysticism was inherited by Heinrich Seuse (1300-1366) and other Baroque mystic poets. However, the distinctive feature of German mysticism is the intellectual mysticism from M. Eckhart to Nicholas of Cusa, which is not a collateral ideology like in other countries, but is the "father of German philosophy." Mysticism, which contemplatively pursues absolute divinity behind the theological triune God and seeks the unity of the two by exploring the roots of one's own soul, became the source of German philosophical thought and gave it a deep sense of interiority. The natural mysticism of Paracelsus, Jacob Boehme and others viewed the universe and humanity as the greater world (macrocosm) and the smaller world (microcosm), and sought the law of correspondence between the absolute being and the world.

Even in modern times, mysticism has influenced the German intellectual world as a whole, including the Pietists, Romantics, F.W. Froebel, C.G. Jung, and L. Wittgenstein.

[Shigeru Yokoyama]

"German Mysticism" by Wenzlaff Eggebert, translated by Shigeru Yokoyama (1981, Kokubunsha)

[References] | Eckhart | Nicholas of Cusanus

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

絶対者たる神と個の魂との合一を求める神秘主義は、12、13世紀、ヨーロッパの修道院の女流神秘家たちに初めて現れたが、愛による神との合一が、神と魂との結婚という雅歌的イメージ(「キリストの花嫁」など)を中心に幻視(ビジョン)的に描かれ、この感情的神秘主義はゾイゼHeinrich Seuse(1300―1366)やバロックの神秘主義詩人らに引き継がれた。しかし、ドイツ神秘主義の特色は、M・エックハルトからニコラウス・クザーヌスに至る理知的神秘主義で、それは他国のように傍系思想ではなく、「ドイツ哲学の父」である。神学的な三位(さんみ)一体の神の背後に絶対的神性を思索的に追求しつつ、自己の魂の根底を究めて両者の一致を図る神秘主義は、ドイツの哲学的思索の源泉となり、それに深い内面性を与えた。またパラケルスス、ヤコブ・ベーメらの自然神秘主義は宇宙と人間を大世界(マクロコスモス)、小世界(ミクロコスモス)としてとらえ、絶対者と世界の照応一致の法則を求めた。

 近代以後も神秘主義は敬虔(けいけん)派やロマン派、F・W・フレーベル、C・G・ユング、L・ウィットゲンシュタインなど、ドイツ思想界全般に影響を与えている。

[横山 滋]

『ヴェンツラッフ・エッゲベルト著、横山滋訳『ドイツ神秘主義』(1981・国文社)』

[参照項目] | エックハルト | ニコラウス・クザーヌス

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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