Modulation (English spelling)

Japanese: 転調 - てんちょう(英語表記)modulation 英語
Modulation (English spelling)

A musical term that refers to a change in key in the middle of a piece of music. There are two types of modulation: a temporary change in key and a relatively long-lasting change in key. In the former case, the necessary accidentals are added to the notes each time without changing the key signature, but in the latter case, the key signature itself is often changed.

Modulation is of course most important in music from the 17th to 19th centuries, which is based on tonality and follows classical harmonic rules. Modulation is usually achieved by using one or more chords that belong to both the original key and the transitional key, but whose harmonic functions are different in both keys. In modern harmony, this is called a "pivot chord(s)". For example, a modulation is achieved by changing the tonic chord (G-D-E) in G major to the dominant chord in C major (called "inversion" in modern harmony). At that time, the central note of the key is shifted from G to C. Such key contrasts, by their very nature, are the basis for composing musical pieces such as fugues and sonata forms.

[Toshiaki Kurosaka]

[Reference] | Key | Chord | Harmony

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

音楽用語。楽曲の途中で調が変わることをさす。転調には、調の変化が一時的なものと比較的長い間続くものがあり、前者の場合、調号を変えずにそのつど必要な変化記号が音符につけられるが、後者の場合、調号それ自体を変えることが多い。

 転調は、いうまでもなく、調性を前提条件とし、古典的な和声規則に従った17~19世紀の音楽においてもっとも重要な意味をもつ。普通、転調は原調と移行する調の両方に属する和音で、その和声機能が両調において異なるような一つまたは複数の和音を利用して達成される。これを近代和声学では「軸和音」pivot chord(s)とよんでいる。たとえば、ト長調における主和音(G―D―E)を、ハ長調の属和音に読み替えることによって(近代和声学では「転義」という)転調はなされる。そのとき、調の中心音はト音からハ音に移されることになる。こうした調の対比は、その性格上、フーガやソナタ形式のような楽曲を構成する基礎となっている。

[黒坂俊昭]

[参照項目] | 調 | 和音 | 和声

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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