Born: December 17, 1778, Penzance [died] May 29, 1829. British chemist. After studying at grammar school in his hometown, he taught himself chemistry. He was appointed chemical superintendent at the Medical Gases Laboratory in Bristol (1798). There, he was recognized for his research on the anesthetic gas nitrous oxide (1800), and was made professor at the Royal Institution in London (02), a member of the Royal Society (03), an honorary member of the Dublin Society, and president of the Royal Society (20-27). He developed the electrolysis method, succeeded in isolating various alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and received the Napoleon Prize in 1807. He discovered that chlorine was an element, and studied its properties and compounds (10). He was also awarded the Rumford Medal by the Royal Society for his research on mine gases and the invention of the Davy lamp. He was also awarded the Royal Medal by the Royal Society for his many other achievements, mainly in electrochemistry. He was knighted in 1712 and created a baronet in 1818. M. Faraday was his pupil. His brother John (1790-1868) was also a chemist known for discovering phosgene, and his cousin Edmund William (1785-1851) was also a chemist who discovered acetylene and conducted research on platinum catalysts. Davy |
[生]1778.12.17. ペンザンス [没]1829.5.29. ジュネーブ イギリスの化学者。生地のグラマースクールで学んだのち,化学を独学。ブリストルの医療気体研究所化学監督官 (1798) 。ここで麻酔性ガス,酸化二窒素の研究 (1800) によって認められ,ロンドンの王立研究所教授 (02) ,ロイヤル・ソサエティ会員 (03) ,ダブリン協会名誉会員,ロイヤル・ソサエティ会長 (20~27) 。電気分解法を発展させ,種々のアルカリ金属,アルカリ土類金属の単離に成功,1807年ナポレオン賞を受ける。塩素が単体であることを突止め,その性質や化合物の研究を行なった (10) 。また鉱山ガスの研究とデービー灯の発明により,ロイヤル・ソサエティからランフォード・メダルを授けられた。そのほかにも電気化学を中心とする多くの業績により,ロイヤル・ソサエティのロイヤル・メダルに輝いた。 12年にナイトの称号を授けられ,18年には准男爵に叙せられた。 M.ファラデーは彼の弟子である。また弟ジョン (1790~1868) もホスゲンの発見者として知られる化学者であり,さらに従弟のエドムンド・ウィリアム (1785~1851) も化学者としてアセチレンの発見,白金触媒の研究を行なった。 デービー
|
<<: De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd.
A galaxy in Virgo. Its catalog number is M104, NG...
The site is located in Xindian, Taosha County, Gan...
It is made of a transparent glass plate, one side ...
A general term for animals in the Lingulidae fami...
Born: 22 November 1930, Bury St Edmunds [Died] Sep...
Ants and termites build nests by raising a small m...
It refers to the fishing industry that captures a...
A former town in Kita District, central Ehime Pref...
A city in the eastern part of Gangwon Province, Ko...
The 11th Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty of Ch...
A document included in the Apostolic Fathers. Papi...
...Research into natural and artificial mutations...
The area between the stigma and the ovary of the ...
An atom that has higher kinetic energy than an at...
Also called an emulsion. A type of dispersion sys...