Red deer - Akashika (English spelling)

Japanese: アカシカ - あかしか(英語表記)red deer
Red deer - Akashika (English spelling)

It is an animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Cervidae. It is distributed in Europe, western Asia, north-central Asia, and north Africa, and there are many subspecies in each region. Some scholars consider the wapiti (C. canadensis ) found in North America to be a separate species, while others treat it as a subspecies of the red deer. It is a large deer, and although its size varies depending on the place of origin, it can reach a head-body length of 1.65-2.65 meters, a height of 0.75-1.5 meters, and a weight of 58-255 kilograms. The largest antlers reach 1.3 meters, and there have been cases where antlers with branches made from small pieces of skull have weighed as much as 19 kilograms. In summer, the body color is yellowish brown to reddish brown, but in winter it becomes dark brown or brown. There is a large white spot under the tail and on the rump. It lives in groups in forests, but males and females live separately except during the mating season. Males' antlers fall off in March and April, and new antlers grow in about 100 days. At this time, males pay no attention to females, but in August the skin covering the outside of their velvet begins to peel off, and the males' behavior gradually becomes more aggressive. The mating season is from September to October, when males bark loudly and fight with each other, and the winner gains control of the female and forms a harem. Females give birth at the age of 2 to 3, with a pregnancy period of about 8 months. They give birth to one or two babies in May or June. The babies have white spots and are nursed for 8 to 10 months. They have a lifespan of 20 years.

[Mitsuko Masui]

Major species of deer (1) [specimen illustrations]
© Hidehiko Tamagawa ">

Major species of deer (1) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目シカ科の動物。ヨーロッパ、アジア西部、アジア中北部、北アフリカに分布し、各地に多くの亜種がある。北アメリカに産するワピチC. canadensisは、学者により別種にする場合と、アカシカの亜種として扱う場合がある。大形のシカで、産地により体格に差はあるが、頭胴長1.65~2.65メートル、体高0.75~1.5メートル、体重58~255キログラムに達する。角(つの)は最大のもので1.3メートルに達し、頭骨の小片からなる枝をつけた角の重量が19キログラムにもなった例がある。体色は夏季には黄褐色から赤褐色を呈するが、冬季には暗褐色、褐色となる。尾の下方、臀部(でんぶ)には大きな白い斑紋(はんもん)がある。森林に群れてすむが、発情期以外は雌雄は別に暮らしている。雄の角は3~4月に脱落し、新しい角は100日ほどで伸びる。このころの雄は雌に関心を払わないが、8月になると袋角(ふくろづの)の外側を包む皮膚がむけ始め、しだいに雄の行動は荒々しくなる。発情期は9~10月で、この時期の雄は大声でほえ互いに争って、勝者が雌を従えハレムをつくる。雌は2~3歳で出産し、妊娠期間は約8か月。5~6月に1子または2子を産む。子には白斑があり、8~10か月乳を飲む。寿命は20年。

[増井光子]

シカのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕
©玉川秀彦">

シカのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕


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