Italian painter of the Venetian school. Baptized in Venice on April 16 (his exact date of birth is unknown, but it was around March 5). He was one of the greatest decorative painters of the 18th century, and was also the last great master of Italian painting after Giotto. Born to a maritime merchant, he first trained under Gregorio Lazzarini, but he also learned a lot from Sebastiano Ricci and Piazzetta, and especially from the 16th century Veronese. His first significant work was The Sacrifice of Isaac (1715-16, Ospedaletto, Venice). In 1717 he registered with the painters' guild, and in 1719 he married Francesco Guardi's sister Cecilia. In addition to Venice, he was active in Udine (1726), Milan (1731), Bergamo (1731-32), and other cities in northern Italy, where he swept away the dark tones of his earlier period and established a bright and colorful style of painting. He created a magnificent world of optical illusions in his murals for Palazzo Labia in Venice, The Story of Cleopatra (1747-50), and this was the peak of his career. In 1750, he was invited to the Würzburg Palace in Germany, where he created a magnificent ceiling painting, The Four Continents of the World, which was integrated into the architecture. In 1755, he became director of the Academy of Venice. After completing the murals for Villa Valmarana in Vicenza and the ceiling paintings for Villa Pisani in Stra, he went to Madrid with his son in 1762 at the invitation of King Charles III of Spain. His main work was the creation of a ceiling painting for the throne room of the Royal Palace, but he also painted seven altarpieces for the Basilica of San Pascual in Aranjuez (although these were soon replaced by a work by Mengs). He is especially known for his light-hearted frescoes depicting mythological and biblical stories, but he also produced many oil paintings, and a series of etchings, including "Caprices." It is worth noting that Goya, a pioneer of modern painting, was greatly influenced by Tiepolo's murals and etchings. He died in Madrid on March 27, 1770. His son Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo (1727-1804) was also a painter, and worked as his father's assistant from around 1745, but it is difficult to tell them apart as his style was faithful to that of his father. He also produced a series of prints, including "The Flight into Egypt" (1753). [Shinozuka Fumio] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリア、ベネチア派の画家。4月16日ベネチアで受洗(正確な誕生日は不明だが3月5日ごろ)。18世紀最大の装飾画家の1人であると同時に、ジョット以来のイタリア絵画の最後を飾る巨匠でもあった。海商の子として生まれ、初めラッザリーニGregorio Lazzariniのもとで修業するが、セバスチアーノ・リッチやピアツェッタ、とくに16世紀のベロネーゼから多くを学んだ。最初の確かな作品が『イサクの犠牲』(1715~16。ベネチア、オスペダレット)であり、1717年画家組合に登録、19年フランチェスコ・グァルディの姉チェチリアと結婚する。ベネチアのほか、ウディネ(1726)、ミラノ(1731)、ベルガモ(1731~32)など北イタリアの諸都市で活躍、初期の暗い色調を一掃し、明るく色彩豊かな画風を確立する。ベネチアのパラッツォ・ラビアの壁画『クレオパトラ物語』(1747~50)ではみごとな視覚的イリュージョンの世界をつくりあげ、このころから絶頂期に入る。50年にはドイツのウュルツブルク宮に招かれ、建築と一体となった壮大な天井画『世界の四大陸』などを制作した。55年ベネチアのアカデミアの院長に就任。ビチェンツァのビッラ・バルマラーナの壁画やストラのビッラ・ピサーニの天井画を完成させたのち、62年スペインのカルロス3世の招きで息子とともにマドリードに赴く。王宮の玉座の間の天井画制作がおもな仕事であったが、アランフェスのサン・パスクアレ聖堂にも7点の祭壇画を描いた(ただしこの祭壇画はやがてメングスの作品に取り替えられてしまう)。神話や聖書の物語を題材にした軽快な筆致のフレスコ画でとくに有名であるが、油彩画も多数制作しており、また『気まぐれ』などのエッチングの連作も残している。近代画家の先駆者であるゴヤがティエポロの壁画やエッチングから多くの影響を受けたことは特筆されてよい。1770年3月27日マドリードで没した。なお、息子のドメニコGiovanni Domenico Tiepolo(1727―1804)も画家で、1745年ごろから父の助手として働いているが、父に忠実な画風なため判別がむずかしい。版画家としても『エジプトへの避難』(1753)の連作などを残している。 [篠塚二三男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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