Ennosuke Ichikawa

Japanese: 市川猿之助 - いちかわえんのすけ

A Kabuki actor. His stage name is Omodakaya.

First World

(1855-1922) A disciple of Bando Mitsugoro IV, he was the son of Bando Santaro, known as a master of sword fighting. He first studied under Onoe Kikugoro V, but later became a disciple of Ichikawa Danjūrō IX, taking the name Yamazaki Ennosuke. In 1874 (Meiji 7), he was expelled from the Nakajima Theater for performing the Kabuki classic "Kanjinchō" without his teacher's permission, and instead performed in small plays and regional productions under the name Matsuo Ennosuke. In 1890, he was allowed to return, changed his name to Ichikawa Ennosuke, and began performing with his teacher at the Kabuki Theater. However, from 1897 onwards, he became a leading actor in small plays. In 1910 (Meiji 43), he changed his name to Ichikawa Danshiro II.

[Yukio Hattori]

II

(1888-1963) Eldest son of the first Ennosuke. Real name Kinoshi Masayasu. Born in Tokyo. In 1910 (Meiji 43), he took the stage name Ennosuke II from Ichikawa Danko. He maintained a progressive spirit throughout his life, appearing with Ichikawa Sadanji II at the Jiyugeki Theater, touring Western theater, founding the Shunjuza theater company, and performing kabuki in China in 1955 (Showa 30). He received the Japan Art Academy Award in 1952, and became a member of the Japan Art Academy in the same year. In 1988, he had his grandson Dango succeed him as the third Ennosuke, and took the name Enno I. He selected dances he was good at, such as "Kurozuka" and "Akutaro," and established the "Ten Enno" series.

[Yukio Hattori]

III

He is the eldest son of Ichikawa Danshiro III (1908-63), the eldest son of Ichikawa Danshiro II (1939-). His real name is Kinoshi Masahiko. He graduated from Keio University. He took the stage name of Ichikawa Dango II in 1963 (Showa 38). He is passionate about reviving Kabuki with its flair, such as aerial acrobatics and quick costume changes, and creating new "Super Kabuki" works (Yamato Takeru, Ryu-Oh, Oguri) using the style, direction, and expressive techniques of classical Kabuki. He is also active in a wide range of fields, including directing the opera Coq D'or. His younger brother Hiroyuki has succeeded Ichikawa Danshiro IV (1946-).

[Yukio Hattori]

"The Performer's Eyes" by Ichikawa Ennosuke III (1976, Asahi Shimbun)" ▽ "Ennosuke's Kabuki Lectures" by Ichikawa Ennosuke III (1984, Shinchosha)" ▽ "Ennosuke Shura Stage" by Ichikawa Ennosuke III (1994, PHP Bunko)" ▽ "The Time and Space of Ichikawa Ennosuke Kabuki" by Muramatsu Tomomi and Inagaki Koichi (1986, PARCO Publishing)" ▽ "Ennosuke Kabuki Flying to Europe" by Fujita Hiroshi (1988, Asahi Shimbun)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

歌舞伎(かぶき)俳優。屋号沢瀉屋(おもだかや)。

初世

（1855―1922）4世坂東三津五郎(ばんどうみつごろう)の門弟で、殺陣師(たてし)の名人といわれた坂東三太郎の子。初め5世尾上(おのえ)菊五郎に入門したが、のち9世市川団十郎の弟子になり山崎猿之助と名のる。1874年（明治7）中島座で、歌舞伎十八番の『勧進帳』を師に無断で上演して破門され、松尾猿之助の名でもっぱら小芝居や各地方の芝居に出演していた。90年帰参を許されて市川猿之助と改め、師とともに歌舞伎座に出られるようになった。しかし、97年以後は小芝居の座頭(ざがしら)格の立者(たてもの)となって活躍。1910年（明治43）2世市川段四郎と改名した。

［服部幸雄］

2世

（1888―1963）初世の長男。本名喜熨斗(きのし)政泰。東京生まれ。1910年（明治43）市川団子(だんこ)から2世猿之助を襲名した。2世市川左団次の自由劇場に出演、欧米演劇の視察旅行、劇団春秋座の結成、55年（昭和30）に訪中歌舞伎公演を実現するなど、生涯を通じて進歩的な気風を失わなかった。52年に芸術院賞を受け、55年に芸術院会員となった。63年、孫の団子に3世を継がせ、初世猿翁(えんおう)と名のった。『黒塚』『悪太郎』など、得意の舞踊を選び、「猿翁十種」を定めた。

［服部幸雄］

3世

（1939―　）2世の長男3世市川段四郎（1908―63）の長男。本名喜熨斗政彦。慶応義塾大学卒業。2世市川団子から1963年（昭和38）3世を襲名した。宙乗りや早替りなど、けれんを駆使する歌舞伎の復活や、古典歌舞伎の様式・演出・表現技法を使って、新しい作品をつくる「スーパー歌舞伎」（ヤマトタケル、リュウオー、オグリ）の創造に意欲と情熱を傾注している。また、オペラ『コックドール』の演出を手がけるなど、幅の広い活躍をしている。弟の弘之が4世市川段四郎（1946―　）を継いでいる。

［服部幸雄］

『3世市川猿之助著『演者の目』（1976・朝日新聞社）』▽『3世市川猿之助著『猿之助の歌舞伎講座』（1984・新潮社）』▽『3世市川猿之助著『猿之助修羅舞台』（1994・PHP文庫）』▽『村松友視・稲垣功一著『市川猿之助歌舞伎の時空』（1986・PARCO出版）』▽『藤田洋著『猿之助歌舞伎ヨーロッパへ宙乗り』（1988・朝日新聞社）』

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