Kansai Ichikawa

A Confucian scholar and Chinese poet of the late Edo period. His surname can also be written as Ichikawa. His given name was Seine, his pen name was Shisei (or Kasho), and his pen names included Kansai and Jianghu Shirou. He was from Kozuke (Gunma Prefecture). He traveled to Edo to study at the age of 15, and entered Shoheiko Academy at around 28, where he served as president of the academy for five years. He criticized the Kansei era ban on heterodox education in 1790, and was expelled from Shoheiko Academy at the age of 42. After that, he found himself in dire straits, with his wife and children crying from hunger. At the age of 43, he became a professor at the Toyama Domain school, and also served as a tutor to the heir to the Kakegawa Domain. He served the Toyama Domain for over 20 years, before resigning at the age of 63.

As a Chinese poet, he founded the Koko Poetry Society in Kanda Otama-ga-ike (Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo) when he was around 40 years old. His theory on poetry changed many times, and in the end, while based on anti-classical literary texts, he adopted its merits, promoted Song poetry, and advocated the theory of nature and spirit. He is a successor to the monks Gensei and Rikunyo. His edited works include "Kansai Sensei Iko" in 5 volumes, "Kansai Tsumikusa" in 4 volumes, "Zen Tang Shii" in 3 volumes (edited), and "Nihon Shiki" in 53 volumes (edited).

[Tadashi Matsushita April 18, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸後期の儒学者、漢詩人。姓は市川とも書く。名は世寧、字(あざな)は子静（または嘉祥(かしょう)）、号は寛斎のほか江湖詩老など。上野(こうずけ)（群馬県）の人。15歳で江戸に遊学、28歳のころ昌平黌(しょうへいこう)に入り、5年間学員長を務めた。1790年の寛政(かんせい)異学の禁を批判し、42歳のとき昌平黌を追われた。その後、生活は苦しく妻子は飢えに泣くという窮状にたった。43歳で富山藩校の教授となり、掛川藩世子の侍講を兼ねる。富山藩に仕えること20年余、63歳で辞任した。

　漢詩人としては、40歳ころに神田お玉が池（東京都千代田区）に江湖(こうこ)詩社を結成した。その詩論は幾度も変わり、終わりには反古文辞を基調としながらその長所はとり、宋詩(そうし)を鼓吹し、性霊説(せいれいせつ)を主張した。僧元政(げんせい)、釈六如(りくにょ)の系統を継ぐものである。『寛斎先生遺稾(いこう)』5巻、『寛斎摘草』4巻、『全唐詩逸』3巻（編）、『日本詩紀』53巻（編）などの編著がある。

［松下　忠　2016年4月18日］

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