Tongzhou Incident

Japanese: 通州事件 - つうしゅうじけん
Tongzhou Incident

This was an incident of resistance by the Chinese army against Japan's control of North China. Tongzhou, Hebei Province, where the Japanese puppet government, the Anti-Communist Autonomous Government of Hebei, was located, was designated a demilitarized zone under the Tanggu Agreement, but the stationing of a unit of the 29th Army under Song Zheyuan was tacitly permitted. In the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Japanese army bombed Tongzhou on July 27, 1937 (Showa 12) in order to wipe out the 29th Army, causing great damage to the Autonomous Government Security Force. As a result, the Security Force rebelled against the Autonomous Government, and attacked the Japanese garrison together with the 29th Army, capturing the government's chief, Yin Rugeng, and killing over 200 Japanese and Korean residents. The rebellion was put down by the Japanese army in one day and resolved through an apology from the autonomous government and the payment of consolation money, but in Japan it was exaggerated as an act of Chinese brutality.

[Makio Okabe]

"Recollections of the China Incident" by Takeo Imai (1964, Misuzu Shobo)

[Reference items] | Pidong administration | Tanggu Agreement | Marco Polo Bridge Incident

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

日本の華北(かほく)支配に対する中国軍の抵抗事件。日本の傀儡(かいらい)政権冀東(きとう)防共自治政府のある河北省通州は、塘沽(タンクー)協定により非武装地帯とされていたが、宋哲元麾下(そうてつげんきか)の第29軍の一部隊の駐屯が黙認されていた。盧溝橋(ろこうきょう)事件により、日本軍は1937年(昭和12)7月27日、第29軍掃討のため通州を爆撃、自治政府保安隊に大きな被害を与えた。このため保安隊は自治政府に反乱を起こし、第29軍とともに日本軍守備隊を攻撃、同政府長官殷汝耕(いんじょこう)を捕らえたほか、在留日本人・朝鮮人二百数十人を殺害した。反乱は日本軍により1日で鎮圧され、自治政府の謝罪、慰藉(いしゃ)金の支払いなどで解決したが、日本では中国側の暴虐として過大に宣伝された。

[岡部牧夫]

『今井武夫著『支那事変の回想』(1964・みすず書房)』

[参照項目] | 冀東政権 | 塘沽協定 | 盧溝橋事件

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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