Under the Criminal Code, when it is not possible to confiscate all or part of something that has been generated or obtained through a criminal act, or something that has been obtained as a reward or in return for a criminal act, the punishment is to force the payment of its value instead of confiscation (Article 19-2 of the Criminal Code). Collection of equivalent value is intended to take away from the perpetrator the illicit profits obtained through a criminal act. Confiscation and collection of equivalent value are at the discretion of the judge, but are always required in the case of bribes (Article 197-5 of the Criminal Code). In administrative law, it refers to the collection of all or the shortfall in the case of fraudulently evading public taxes. The Customs Act (tax evasion, smuggling) and the Liquor Tax Act (illicit liquor, etc.) have provisions for confiscation and collection of the equivalent amount, which stipulate that goods, bootlegged liquor, etc. may be confiscated or their value may be collected as necessary. [Shuichi Susuki] [Reference items] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
刑法上は、犯罪行為により生じもしくはこれにより得たもの、または犯罪行為の報酬として得たものや、その対価として得たものの全部または一部が没収できないときに、没収にかわって、その価額の納付を強制する処分(刑法19条の二)。追徴は、犯罪行為により得た不正の利益を犯人から取り上げることを目的とする。没収、追徴は、裁判官の裁量によるが、賄賂(わいろ)に関してはかならず行う(同法197条の五)。 行政法上は、公租公課を不正に免れた場合、その全部または不足額を徴収することをいう。関税法(脱税・密輸)、酒税法(密造など)には没収・追徴の規定があり、貨物・密造酒などを必要的に没収し、あるいはその価額を追徴することにしている。 [須々木主一] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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