Itazuke ruins

Japanese: 板付遺跡 - いたづけいせき

<br /> The remains of a moated settlement from the late Jomon period to the late Yayoi period are located in Itazuke, Hakata Ward, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture. Along with the Nabatake ruins in Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture, it is said to be the remains of the oldest rice-growing settlement in Japan. Located almost in the center of the Fukuoka Plain, it consists of a moated settlement on a plateau at an altitude of about 7 to 9 meters, rice paddy remains and a cemetery that spread out on the surrounding alluvial land. The settlement site, which has a V-shaped moat with a long diameter of 110 meters, includes pit dwellings, storage holes and wells, and below the remains of rice paddies from the early Yayoi period below the plateau, the remains of rice paddies from the late Jomon period were discovered. The remains of a large rice paddy plot were also found, along with wooden agricultural equipment and irrigation facilities such as weirs installed on irrigation channels. Judging from the spacing of the ridges, each paddy field is about 400 ^m2 , pollen analysis suggests that field crops were cultivated, and the chronology of the excavated pottery indicates that this is the beginning of the oldest Yayoi culture, that is, the oldest agricultural society. In addition, bronze spears and swords were excavated from a jar coffin discovered in a Yayoi tomb, which is the first case of Yayoi pottery being accompanied by metal objects, and bronze swords and spears, as well as bronze spear molds and stone knives, have been excavated. It was designated a national historic site in 1976 (Showa 51), and has been designated as such several times since then. Pit dwellings and rice fields have been reproduced, and at the Itazuke Ruins Yayoi Museum, you can experience life in the Yayoi period. From the Nishitetsu Bus Terminal near Hakata Station, which is close to JR Sanyo Shinkansen and other lines, get off at the Itazuke Danchi Dai-ni bus stop and walk for about 3 minutes.

Source: Kodansha National Historic Site Guide Information

Japanese:

福岡県福岡市博多区板付にある縄文時代晩期から弥生時代後期にかけての環濠集落跡。佐賀県唐津市の菜畑(なばたけ)遺跡とともに、日本最古の稲作集落跡とされる。福岡平野のほぼ中央に位置し、標高7～9mほどの台地上の環濠集落と周辺の沖積地に広がる水田跡、墓地などからなる。長径110mの断面がV字形の環濠をもつ集落跡には竪穴(たてあな)式住居や貯蔵穴、井戸などがあり、台地下の弥生時代初期の水田跡の下の層には、さらに縄文時代晩期の水田跡が発見された。大区画の水田跡であり、木製農機具や用水路に設けられた井堰(いせき)などの灌漑施設も確認された。畦の間隔から水田の1区画は400m²程度、花粉分析から畑作栽培も推定され、出土した土器の編年によって、最古の弥生文化の始まり、つまり、最古の農耕社会と捉えられている。また、弥生時代の墓から発見された甕棺(かめかん)の中から青銅製の矛(ほこ)や剣が出土し、弥生土器に金属器がともなう初のケースで、銅剣・銅矛のほか、銅矛の鋳型、石包丁などが出土している。1976年（昭和51）に国の史跡に指定され、その後たびたび追加指定が行われている。竪穴式住居や水田が再現され、板付遺跡弥生館では弥生時代の暮らしを体験学習できる。JR山陽新幹線ほか博多駅そばの博多駅バスターミナルから西鉄バス「板付団地第二」下車、徒歩約3分。

出典　講談社国指定史跡ガイドについて　情報

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